Global Warming The level of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has gradually increased as a result of: Keywords: Oceans, Water Vapour, Photosynthesis, Keywords: Carbon dioxide, Nitrogen, Carbon Cycle, Global Warming, Fossil Fuels, deforestation. C1 Topic 1: The Earth’s Sea and Atmosphere This topic looks at: How the early atmosphere and oceans were formed How levels of carbon dioxide reduced and levels of oxygen increased The impact of volcanic and human activities on the atmosphere Carbon Dioxide in the Atmosphere The constant recycling of carbon is called the carbon cycle. Draw the carbon cycle: Draw or write key factors and events that shaped the atmosphere Draw or write the composition of the Atmosphere has changed from the formation of the Earth to now: Oxygen in the Atmosphere The levels of oxygen in the atmosphere have changed throughout the history of the Earth. Below briefly explain how: Put the following in the correct order (Number them) The burning of fossil fuels also releases carbon dioxide into the air Plants and animals respire, releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere Carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere by green plants during photosynthesis Microorganisms feed on dead plants and animals, causing them to break down, decay and release carbon dioxide into the air. Draw or write the timescale from the formation of Earth to how it is now:

Balancing Equations Describe three things you must do when balancing equations Can you balance Na (s) + H 2 O(l)  NaOH(aq) +H 2 (g) CH 4 (g) + O 2 (g)  H 2 O(l) + CO 2 (g) Cu(s) + O 2 (g)  CuO(s) CuO(s) + C(s)  Cu(s) CO 2 (g) Keywords: calcium carbonate, thermal decomposition, slaked lime, limewater Keywords: crystals, fossils, erosion, magma, lava, atoms, C1 Topic 2: Materials from the Earth This topic looks at: Formation of Rocks Limestone and it’s uses Chemical Reactions Making Limewater What is slaked lime and how is it obtained from Limewater? (Describe using word equations. Ext use symbol equations) A company wants to build a limestone quarry next to a small town. State the advantages and disadvantages of this. Advantages Disadvantages Neutralising Acids with Limestone How can farmers neutralise soil that is too acidic for crops to grow on it? Describe/draw how each of these rock types is formed give examples of each: Sedimentary Igneous Metamorphic What are the three uses of Limestone Chemical name Calcium Carbonate Common name Limestone formula CaCO 3 Ca(OH) 2 (aq) Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Add CO 2 CO 2 released Calcium Hydroxide CaO Limewater Quicklime Ca(OH) 2 Add a little water Calcium Oxide Thermal Decomposition Add water Limestone Quarry What are some uses for a limestone quarry after it has closed down?

Key Words: neutralisation, acid, alkali, indigestion, water, electrolysis Keywords: Chlorine, hazard, corrosive, toxic, C1 Topic 3: Acids and Alkali This topic looks at: How indigestion remedies work How electrolysis works and what the products are used for Describe with diagrams what electrolysis is use water as an example. (state the products obtained and how you would test for them) What is chlorine used for and what problems are associated with it Write symbol equations for 3 of the above acid and alkali reactions Why does your stomach produce acid What does neutralise mean? How can you neutralise your stomach acid? Write a general neutralisation word equation Hydrochloric acidSulphuric acidNitric Acid Magnesium oxide Calcium Carbonate Sodium hydroxide Copper carbonate Copper oxide Potassium hydroxide

Keywords: Rusting, oxidation, reduction, extraction, ores, smart materials Keywords: shape memory alloy, density, malleable, ductile, corrosion C1 Topic 4: Obtaining and using metals This topic looks at: How we obtain metals from their ores Properties of metals Why is an alloy of steel stronger than an alloy of iron. Explain using diagrams What are the advantages of recycling materials? What properties do metals have and what can they be used for? Define with examples Oxidation Reduction Describe how you would extract each group of elements in the different colours

Keywords: Fossil fuel, crude oil, boiling point, viscosity, ignition, fractions Keywords: complete, incomplete, oxygen, carbon monoxide C1 Topic 5: Fuels This topic looks at: Combustion Crude oil What is the difference between complete and incomplete combustion. Balancing Equations 1.Write a balanced equation for the complete combustion of methane 2.Write a balanced equation for the complete combustion of propane 3.Write a word equation for the incomplete combustion of methane What is acid rain and how is it formed? What is climate change and how does it happen? Label this diagram and explain how it works. Explain why the boiling points of the fractions are important

Keywords: hydrogen, carbon, single bond, double bond, saturated, unsaturated Keywords: global warming, limewater, soot C1 Topic 5: Fuels This topic looks at: Alternative fuels Polymers and cracking What is polymerisation? Complete the polymerisation of ethene What are Hydrocarbons? Why do we need to crack molecules of hydrocarbons? Finish the equation for cracking C 8 H 18  C 2 H 4 + What are the advantages and disadvantages of Biofuel and hydrogen? Advantages Disadvantages Fill in the table below Number of carbons Alkane (Saturated) Alkene (Unsaturated) 1 2 3Propane What are the three ways we dispose of polymers and what are the advantages of these methods of disposal? Find out and describe the properties and uses of the following polymers; Poly(ethene) Polypropene Polyvinyl chloride Poly(tetrafluoroethene) Number of carbons Alkane (Saturated) Alkene (Unsaturated) 1 2 3Propane 4 5 6