Parts of Speech The Movie (Sort of)

Nouns Proper  “Named” nouns Common Non-specific people, places, things and ideas Noun: person, place, thing or idea George Washington house

Nouns  Nouns can serve as subjects and objects in a sentence.  In the sentence “Jason likes sardines,” the noun “Jason” serves as the subject, while the noun “sardines” serves as the object.

Nouns  Proper nouns should always be capitalized.”  i.e.: Neil Armstrong, Costa Rica, Hamlet (except for e.e. cummings)

Pronouns Subjective  A subjective pronoun serves as the subject of a sentence.  I.e.: SHE played the violin quite well. Objective  An objective pronoun serves as the receiver of the action/object of the preposition.  I.e.: Brad passed the ball to HIM. Pronoun: Replaces a noun or another pronoun

Pronouns Possessive  A possessive pronoun shows possession.  I.e.: The car Jim repaired is MINE. Demonstrative  A demonstrative pronoun identifies/poi- nts to a noun or pronoun.  I.e.: THAT is the gift she wanted. An “antecedent” is the word a pronoun replaces.

Pronouns Interrogative  A pronoun used to ask a question  I.e.: WHERE is Elise going? Relative  A pronoun used to link phrases and clauses  I.e.: The person WHO arrives first wins the medal. Indefinite  A pronoun that refers to a non-specific person, place or thing  I.e.: EVERYONE enjoyed the show. Reflexive  A pronoun that refers back to the subject of the sentence  I.e.: John bandaged his arm HIMSELF. Intensive  A pronoun that emphasizes the antecedent  I.e.: I MYSELF will do the honors.

Verbs Verb Tense  Past: Bob threw the ball.  Present: Bob throws the ball.  Future: Bob will throw the ball.  Past Perfect: Bob had thrown the ball.  Present Perfect: Bob has thrown the ball.  Future Perfect: Bob will have thrown the ball.  Past Progressive: Bob was throwing the ball.  Present Progressive: Bob is throwing the ball.  Future Progressive: Bob will be throwing the ball.  Past Perfect Progressive: Bob had been throwing the ball.  Present Perfect Progressive: Bob has been throwing the ball.  Future Perfect Progressive: Bob will have been throwing the ball. Verb: expresses action, event or state of being; says something about the subject

Verbs  Verbs must agree with their subjects. Singular nouns go with singular verbs, plural with plural.  Penelope likes to paint.  The children like to paint.  I am going to the beach tomorrow.  We are going to the beach tomorrow. Verbs make up the main part of the predicates of sentences.

Verbs Action Verbs  An action verb shows an event or action taking place.  The baby sleeps soundly.  William played the piano. Linking Verbs  Linking verbs connect the subject to a subject complement (a word or phrase that describes or renames the subject). The most common linking verb is “to be.”  Anna’s hair is lovely today.  That vase appears cracked.

Adjectives  Adjectives describe, identify and quantify nouns and pronouns.  Examples:  The New baby  The prettiest dress  The musical man Adjective: modifies a noun or pronoun

Adjectives Possessive  Shows possession  I.e: She let Sharon cut her hair. Interrogative  Asks a question  I.e. : Which song is your favorite? Demonstrative  Indicates a noun  I.e: That dog is very friendly. Indefinite  Indicates a non-specific noun  I.e.: Some students are reading this slide right now. Notice: These are the same as the similarly named pronouns, just used in a different way.

Adverbs  An adverb modifies a verb, an adjective, another adverb or a clause or phrase.  Examples:  Robert ran swiftly.  Yesterday, I had cereal for breakfast.  Jenna writes very well.  The happily married couple

Adverbs  Adverbs often, but do not always, end in –ly.  Boldly, easily, cheerfully, angrily, lightly, gracefully, violently Adverbs answer the questions How? When? Where? and Why?

Prepositions  Prepositions are linking words. They link nouns, pronouns and phrases to other words in a sentence.  Examples:  In the bucket  Under the bed  Behind the tree

Prepositions  A prepositional phrase is made up of the preposition, its object and any modifiers.  Example: The girl in the red shirt listens to music.  Example: Mike put the plate on the table.  In these sentences, in and on are the prepositions. Shirt and table are the objects of those prepositions. In the first example, red is an adjective that modifies shirt.

Conjunctions  A conjunction is a word that links words, phrases and clauses.  Examples:  Sarah and Amy enjoy tennis.  I am going to work, but I will be home before supper.  Robert put the star on the tree because they asked him to help. Independent Clause: Could stand on its own as a sentence; represents a complete thought Dependent Clause: Could not stand on its own as a sentence; represents an incomplete/partial thought

Conjunctions Coordinating Conjunctions  These conjunctions (and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet) link words, phrases and independent clauses.  June went to the mall, and Jack went with her.  I couldn’t reach the shelf, so I looked for a ladder. Subordination Conjunctions  These conjunctions (after, although, because, before, since, then, when, etc.) introduce dependent clauses.  Mark carried an umbrella because it was raining.  Mary was walking the dog when she saw her friend.

Conjunctions  Correlative conjunctions are conjunctions that appear as pairs.  Both Marjory and Jamaica are attending the birthday party.  He doesn’t know whether he should go to the mountains or the beach.

Interjections  Interjections are words that convey emotion. An interjection is often followed by an exclamation point, “or by a comma if the feeling’s not as strong.”  Watch this video:  /watch?v=YkAX7Vk3JEw /watch?v=YkAX7Vk3JEw /watch?v=YkAX7Vk3JEw

Interjections  Examples of interjections:  OMG, did you see that?  Wow ! That was fun!  Oh, I don’t know…  Nice weather we’re having, eh ?  Hey ! Get out of my room. Some interjections are also considered slang and are not appropriate for class or for formal writing.

Parts of Speech  Congratulations! You have reached the end of your journey. Review what you have learned and prepare to take your Parts of Speech quiz. When you are ready to take your quiz, see Mrs. Shankle.