THE ROARING 20S. CHANGING ROLE OF WOMEN 19 th Amendment (1920)- Granted suffrage to women New jobs opened during WWI and some women kept working! More.

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Presentation transcript:

THE ROARING 20S

CHANGING ROLE OF WOMEN 19 th Amendment (1920)- Granted suffrage to women New jobs opened during WWI and some women kept working! More women began college Jeanette Rankin- first woman in Congress (1916) served throughout the 1920s

Flappers Modern women; young and rebellious Short hair, short dresses, more make up Began to smoke and drink (in public!)

PROHIBITION ERA 18 th Amendment (1919)- prohibited making, selling, and transporting alcohol Volstead Act- law passed by Congress to enforce; ignored in a lost of cities Why it didn’t work… –Not enforced, police departments were corrupt –Most Americans didn’t take it seriously

Organized Crime –“bootlegging”- illegal selling of alcohol –Al Capone (“Scarface”) paid off police and city government Made up to 60 million/year bootlegging Convicted of tax evasion in 1931 and sent to prison Speakeasy- secret club/bar that sold liquor

21 st Amendment (1933)- Repeals the 18 th ; allowed communities to decide for themselves

ENTERTAINMENT IN THE 20S Short working hours and higher pay gave Americans more time and money! Radio –1 st radio station in Pittsburgh (1920); only did news, later sports and music Moving Pictures –Silent films –First “talkie” in The Jazz Singer

Sports- Radio made sports more popular Babe Ruth “The Great Bambino” Most famous baseball player of the 20s, NY Yankees Jack Dempsey Famous heavyweight boxer; over 100,000 at his matches Man ‘O War Famous racehorse Only lost 1 race ever- to a horse named Upset Gertrude Ederle 1 st woman to swim the English Channel, broke men’s record by 2 hours

MUSIC & DANCE Jazz was most popular, started in New Orleans Louis Armstrong- jazz musician George Gershwin- composer “Rhapsody in Blue” Dances- Charleston, Fox-trot, Tango

LITERATURE F. Scott Fitzgerald- The Great Gatsby –Fictional town on Long Island, wealth and success Ernest Hemingway – A Farewell to Arms –Set during WWI

TRANSPORTATION Henry Ford –Changed auto industry with the assembly line Previously 12 hours to build a car, now 28 minutes –Model T –1920…8 million cars on the road 1929… 23 million Charles Lindbergh –First solo flight across Atlantic in the “Spirit of St Louis” –No parachute, no sleep, no heat Amelia Earhart –1 st woman to fly the Atlantic (1932) –Disappeared while trying to fly around the world

RETURN OF THE KKK In ,000 members…. By million members Attacks on African Americans, Jews, Catholics, immigrants

SCOPES “MONKEY” TRIAL Tennessee law (1925)- illegal to teach evolution/Charles Darwin in schools John Scopes, chosen by ACLU to challenge the law –Attorney Clarence Darrow William Jennings Bryan –Prosecutor; judge wouldn’t allow scientists to testify Scopes was found GUILTY, fined $100

RED SCARE Fear of radicals (socialists, communists, etc) Caused by revolution in Russia, domestic terrorism Limitations placed on immigration Sacco & Vanzetti Case –Two Italian immigrants accused of murder, given unfair trial and executed

REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTS Warren Harding Won 1920 election promising “Return to Normalcy” Remembered for scandals; his advisors were known as the “Ohio Gang” Strange death in 1923 Calvin Coolidge Took over for Harding Known as “Silent Cal” Reelected in 1924 Pro-business/ “laissez- faire economics” Herbert Hoover Easily won in 1928 as Americans were happy with economy “A chicken in every pot and a car in every garage!” Stock market crashes in 1929! “Rugged individualism” –“Pull yourself up by your boot straps !”