Events of The Cell Division Cycle Occur in a Particular Order.

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Presentation transcript:

Events of The Cell Division Cycle Occur in a Particular Order

Entering Mitosis Before the Completion of S phase is Bad for Chromosomes and Therefore Bad for Cells

Cell Cycle Checkpoints Elledge, Science 274:1664 (1996)

Weinert and Hartwell, Science 246:629 (1989) Substrate-Product versus Intrinsic Control Mechanisms

Caffeine Abrogates the Replication Checkpoint Molecular Biology of the Cell © 1994 by Bruce Alberts et al

0 hrs at res temp cdc9 (DNA ligase) 3 hrs at res temp Weinert and Hartwell, Science 246:629 (1989) rad9 is the First Cell Cycle Checkpoint Mutant cdc9 rad9

Weinert and Hartwell, Science 246:629 (1989) Cell Cycle Checkpoints Improve Cell Viability

Cell Cycle Checkpoints Why always negative regulation?

GO x 5GO x 6 Anaphase: Very different situations Not very different situations A Mechanism Involving Negative Regulation is More Robust

How do Cell Cycle Checkpoints Work?

Zhou and Elledge Nature 408, (2000)

Elledge, Science 274:1664 (1996) Replication and Damage Checkpoints in Yeast

Inhibitory CDC2 Phosphorylation is a kinase is a phosphatase

G2 Arrest Induced by DNA Damage Signal Sensor Transducer Effector

Metaphase in a mammalian cell

The Metaphase to Anaphase Transition

The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint

The Function of RAD9 (Rad53=chk2) (Rad9 similar to BRCA1) (Mec1=ATR)

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