Subject Heading Tips

How to Read an Authority Record  Library of Congress:  Especially check out  Format Summary  Names and terms – general information  Tracings and References

How to Search for Subject Headings  Besides OCLC, where is there information about Subject headings?  Library of Congress website – - this is for searching for approved subject headingshttp://authorities.loc.gov/  Genre –   (GSAFD)

Searching Library of Congress Authorities  Knitting  Prince  Goosebumps  Rowling, J. K.  Harry Potter

LC control no.: n LCCN Permalink: HEADING: Prince cz a n n| azannaabn |a aaa 010 __ |a n __ |a (OCoLC)oca __ |a DLC |b eng |e rda |c DLC |d DLC |d MnHi |d DLC |d IEN |d DLC 046 __ |f |g |2 edtf 053 _0 |a ML420.P974 |c Biography 100 0_ |a Prince 370 __ |a Minneapolis (Minn.) |b Chanhassen (Minn.) |2 naf 374 __ |a Singers |a Composers |a Instrumentalists |a Sound recording executives and producers |2 lcsh 375 __ |a male 377 __ |a eng 400 0_ |a Artist Formerly Known as Prince 400 1_ |a Nelson, Prince Rogers 400 0_ |a TAFKAP

670 __ |a Ivory, S. Prince, c1985: |b CIP t.p. (Prince) pub. info. (musician and recording star; Prince Rogers Nelson; son of jazz musician, John Nelson, who performed under moniker Prince Rogers) 670 __ |a Mabery, D.L. Prince, c1985: |b CIP galley (b. June 7, 1958) 670 __ |a MnHi files |b (changed name to a symbol; was often referred to as The Artist Formerly Known as Prince or TAFKAP; at marriage in Feb resumed his former name) 670 __ |a Rock who’s who, 2nd ed., c1996 |b (Prince; b. Prince Roger [sic] Nelson, June 7, 1958, Minneapolis; on his 35th birthday, changed his name to the combined male- female symbol used on his 1992 album) 670 __ |a Purple reign, 1998: |b CIP t.p. (The Artist Formerly Known as Prince) galley (Prince; in an interview given Oct. 24, 1996, he said that he did not know what sound the symbol should represent) 670 __ |a New York Times website, April 21, 2016 |b (Prince... died Thursday at his residence, Paisley Park, in Chanhassen, Minn.) 953 __ |a ea17 |b vk37

How many subject headings do you use?  Assign headings that are as specific as the topics they cover. (from LC) - don't assign broad, general headings when dealing with specific aspect of that topic. (Flowers when the book is on Roses)  Try to be as specific as you can while still covering the topic -- a valid heading that is as specific as the topic is not always available. (Gluten free baking needs baking and gluten-free diet—recipes)  Subject cataloguing vs. indexing – is the book over 20% about that topic?  Number of subject headings – varies. Sometimes 1 subject heading will do, with other times 6 might need to be used.  Don’t forget to add a Genre or form

Subject headings that have Scope notes  Make sure to read the scope notes so that you are aware what topic is actually covered  Talking Books: Here are entered works on spoken texts recorded specifically for use by the blind or people with visual disabilities  Actors: Here are entered general works on both male and female actors collectively, works on both male and female stage actors collectively and works on individual male and female stage actors. Works on male actors collectively are entered under Male actors. Works on female actors collectively are entered under Actresses. Works on actors, collectively or individually, specializing in particular media are entered under the appropriate specific heading, e.g. Television actors and actresses, with an additional heading Male actors or Actresses, assigned as appropriate to works of collective biography.

What Subject headings are used in SHARE?  LCSH, LCGFT, GSAFD  Genre and form terms according to the guidelines in Use of genre terms  LC children’s headings if different than the adult heading  Approved local subject headings in MARC tag 690 (see section below for guidelines on local subject headings)  Approved local genre/form headings in MARC tag 655 (coded local in subfield 2)  Medical subject headings (MeSH—MARC tag 6XX, second indicator 2)  Foreign language subject headings if they are the same as the language of the item being cataloged. For videorecordings, this includes the main language track and any dubbed language tracks. This does not include language(s) of subtitles. Do not add foreign language subject headings if they aren’t already in the record

What Subject headings are not used in SHARE?  Sears headings  Headings from a thesaurus other than LCGFT (i.e., migfg, bisach, fast, etc.) except foreign language subject headings and terms from the GSAFD that meet the guidelines for retention  Foreign language subject headings if they are different than the language of the item being cataloged. For videorecordings, delete foreign language subject headings for the language(s) of subtitles  Do not use the subdivision Juvenile sound recordings in subject headings in records for juvenile audiobooks. Use the subdivision Juvenile fiction or Juvenile literature as appropriate  Do not use the headings Regency fiction or Romantic suspense fiction

Spanish language materials  This is for Children’s authorized heading – this is the scope note: Here are entered works written in Spanish intended primarily for general information or recreational reading. Such works with text also given in English are further subdivided by the subdivision Bilingual, i.e., Spanish language materials-- Bilingual. Reading texts in Spanish containing material for instruction and practice in reading that language are entered under Spanish language-- Readers.  So what do you do for adult? Spanish language $v Readers – can be further subdivided by topic, if needed.

Genre and Form  Since early 2007, the Library of Congress has been developing Library of Congress Genre/Form Terms for Library and Archival Materials (LCGFT), whose terms describe what something is rather than what it is about, as subject headings do.  Genre/form terms, on the other hand, describe what an item is, not what it is about. The subject heading Horror films would be assigned to a book about horror films. A cataloger assigning headings to the movie The Texas Chainsaw Massacre would also use Horror films, but it would be a genre/form term since the movie is a horror film, not a movie about horror films.  Genre refers to categories of works that are characterized by similar plots, themes, settings, situations, and characters.  Form is defined as a characteristic of works with a particular format and/or purpose.  LCGFT includes forms/genre terms for general topics, but also movies, music, religious materials, law and literary works.

Genre and Form  We like LCGFT – they are controllable in OCLC – make sure to check!  Love stories vs. Romance fiction – see OCLC bib  Some topics still need GSAFD – Christian Fiction  Biographies, Autobiographies, Poetry – I love these as 655  Arthurian romances – Robert thinks this is underused and great if no series  Bildungsromans – 20 points to the first person who knows that this is the see for.  Music Genre terms – Rap (music), Concerto vs. concertos (see scope note)  Records and briefs, prayers, sermons – LCGFT has them all  Comic books, strips, etc. as a subdivision but Comics (Graphic works) for a genre/form

Teenage romance  What subject headings do you use when describing romantic relationships between teenagers?  You might begin by adding the juvenile subject heading “650 1 Love ǂ v Fiction,” but this term may not be as specific as you would like.  When you use this juvenile subject heading you might think to include a genre term if it is applicable. The genre term now approved for “love stories” according to IHLS Best Practices is “655 7 Romance fiction. ǂ 2 lcgft”, though you will still find “655 7 Love stories. ǂ 2 gsafd” in use on many OCLC master records.  “Teenage romance is not a LC Subject Heading and “Teenage romances” is not a LCGFT, though it might be nice if they were.  Besides the genre term “655 7 Romance fiction. ǂ 2 lcgft”, you might consider using an LCSH topical heading that is usable as a genre heading: “655 0 Paranormal romance stories” or “655 0 Romance comic books, strips, etc.” or “655 0 Young adult fiction” when they are appropriate.

Teenage romance  Love in adolescence ǂ v Juvenile fiction  * Infatuation ǂ v Juvenile fiction.  * Flirting ǂ v Juvenile fiction.  * First loves ǂ v Juvenile fiction.  * Summer romance ǂ v Juvenile fiction.  * Courtship ǂ v Juvenile fiction.  * Dating (Social customs) ǂ v Juvenile fiction.  * Mate selection ǂ v Juvenile fiction.  * Interpersonal relations ǂ v Juvenile fiction.  * Interpersonal relations in adolescence ǂ v Juvenile fiction.  * Interpersonal attraction ǂ v Juvenile fiction.

Teenage Romance  * Teenagers ǂ x Sexual behavior ǂ v Fiction.  * Friendship ǂ v Juvenile fiction.  * Best friends ǂ v Juvenile fiction.  * Secret friends ǂ v Juvenile fiction.  * Long-distance relationships. ǂ v Juvenile fiction.  * Joking relationships ǂ v Juvenile fiction.  * Love-hate relationships ǂ v Juvenile fiction.  * Love in adolescence ǂ v Juvenile fiction  * Relationship addiction ǂ v Juvenile fiction.  * 650 0Teenage girls ǂ x Social life and customs ǂ v Juvenile fiction.  * 650 0Teenage boys ǂ x Social life and customs ǂ v Juvenile fiction.