Physical Geography: United States and Canada Plains The Great Plains

Western Mountains: Pacific Ranges: Due to collision of Pacific and North American tectonic plates (millions of years ago) Pacific Ranges: Due to collision of Pacific and North American tectonic plates (millions of years ago) Sierra Nevada, Cascade Range, Coast Range and the Alaska Range Sierra Nevada, Cascade Range, Coast Range and the Alaska Range Rocky Mountains: Rocky Mountains: Link the U.S. and Canada Link the U.S. and Canada 3,000 miles long ( New Mexico to Alaska) 3,000 miles long ( New Mexico to Alaska) Longest mountain range in North America Longest mountain range in North America

Mount McKinley, Alaska Range( 20,320 ft)– highest point on the continent

The Rocky Mountains

Basin A simple definition of a basin is a hollow or depression in Earth's surface with no outlet for water. This means that any water that originates in or flows into a basin does not escape it. A basin can be approximately circular, resembling a bowl, or it can be oval-shaped. It can be a small structure, measuring only a few miles in diameter. Often, it is much larger. A basin is usually surrounded mostly by higher land. Depending on where it is located, a basin may sometimes include desert areas, which are arid or dry regions receiving less than 10 inches (25 centimeters) of rain per year. Read more: Dunes/Basin.html#ixzz0m9eJDVw0 A simple definition of a basin is a hollow or depression in Earth's surface with no outlet for water. This means that any water that originates in or flows into a basin does not escape it. A basin can be approximately circular, resembling a bowl, or it can be oval-shaped. It can be a small structure, measuring only a few miles in diameter. Often, it is much larger. A basin is usually surrounded mostly by higher land. Depending on where it is located, a basin may sometimes include desert areas, which are arid or dry regions receiving less than 10 inches (25 centimeters) of rain per year. Read more: Dunes/Basin.html#ixzz0m9eJDVw0 Dunes/Basin.html#ixzz0m9eJDVw0 Dunes/Basin.html#ixzz0m9eJDVw0

Basins and Plateaus: Turn to page 117. Turn to page 117. Both fill the areas of land between the Pacific ranges and the Rocky mountains Both fill the areas of land between the Pacific ranges and the Rocky mountains Locate the following: Locate the following: Columbia Plateau Columbia Plateau Colorado Plateau Colorado Plateau Colorado River- Grand Canyon Colorado River- Grand Canyon Death Valley- lowest and place in the U.S. Death Valley- lowest and place in the U.S. Fraser Plateau- cold and narrow plateau Fraser Plateau- cold and narrow plateau

Interior Landforms The Great Plains( interior or high plains): The Great Plains( interior or high plains): Land east of the Rockies west of the Mississippi River Land east of the Rockies west of the Mississippi River 400 miles long 400 miles long Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas and Wyoming, and the Canadian provinces of Alberta, Manitoba and Saskatchewan. Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas and Wyoming, and the Canadian provinces of Alberta, Manitoba and Saskatchewan. Elevations reaches up to 6,000 ft. Elevations reaches up to 6,000 ft. Appears flat-10 ft per mile decline Appears flat-10 ft per mile decline Prairie, steppe, grassland Prairie, steppe, grassland

Eastern Mountains Appalachian Mountains: Appalachian Mountains: To the east of the Mississippi River and west of the Atlantic Ocean To the east of the Mississippi River and west of the Atlantic Ocean North Americas oldest and second longest mountain range North Americas oldest and second longest mountain range Extends about 1,500 miles Extends about 1,500 miles From Quebec to Alabama From Quebec to Alabama Canadian Shield: Canadian Shield: a massive area of rugged, rocky landscapes a massive area of rugged, rocky landscapes On the eastern half of Canada On the eastern half of Canada Canadian Shield

Islands: U.S. U.S. New York- Manhattan Island- Mouth of Hudson River New York- Manhattan Island- Mouth of Hudson River Hawaii- 132 islands( 8 major, 124 smaller islands Hawaii- 132 islands( 8 major, 124 smaller islands Canada Canada Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island – two of Canada's important island Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island – two of Canada's important island Greenland- territory of Denmark- the world’s largest island Greenland- territory of Denmark- the world’s largest island

Prior Knowledge: Based on what you have learned in past units, how would access to rivers and freshwater make a country wealthy? Based on what you have learned in past units, how would access to rivers and freshwater make a country wealthy? Agriculture Agriculture Electricity for homes Electricity for homes Transportation Transportation Trade Trade

Rivers Continental Divide: Continental Divide: A high point from the Rockies that determines the direction that rivers flow. A high point from the Rockies that determines the direction that rivers flow. Eastern Rivers- flow into the Arctic Ocean, Hudson Bay, Atlantic Ocean and Mississippi River, Gulf of Mexico Eastern Rivers- flow into the Arctic Ocean, Hudson Bay, Atlantic Ocean and Mississippi River, Gulf of Mexico Western Rivers- flow into the Pacific Ocean Western Rivers- flow into the Pacific Ocean

Mississippi River: One of Americas longest rivers One of Americas longest rivers 2,350 miles long 2,350 miles long Begins in Minnesota-> Gulf of Mexico Begins in Minnesota-> Gulf of Mexico 1.5 miles wide 1.5 miles wide One of the worlds busiest waterways One of the worlds busiest waterways

Eastern Rivers: St. Lawrence River: St. Lawrence River: 750 miles long 750 miles long One of Canada's most important rivers One of Canada's most important rivers Flows from Lake Ontario to the Gulf of St. Lawrence Flows from Lake Ontario to the Gulf of St. Lawrence Forms a border between U.S. and Canada Forms a border between U.S. and Canada Quebec, Montreal and Ottawa are border cities Quebec, Montreal and Ottawa are border cities Niagara Falls: Niagara Falls: Forms a border between Ontario and New York Forms a border between Ontario and New York Major source of hydro-electric power Major source of hydro-electric power Horse Shoe Falls; American Falls Horse Shoe Falls; American Falls

The 10 longest rivers in the United Sates are: Missouri 2,540 miles Missouri 2,540 miles Mississippi: 2,340 miles Mississippi: 2,340 miles Yukon: 1,980 miles Yukon: 1,980 miles Rio Grande: 1,900 miles Rio Grande: 1,900 miles St. Lawrence: 1,900 miles St. Lawrence: 1,900 miles Arkansas: 1,460 miles Arkansas: 1,460 miles Colorado: 1,450 miles Colorado: 1,450 miles Atchafalaya: 1,420 miles Atchafalaya: 1,420 miles Ohio: 1,310 miles Ohio: 1,310 miles Red: 1,290 miles Red: 1,290 miles

Lakes Glaciers are large bodies of ice that form on land as a result of the accumulation and compaction of snow. As glaciers slowly move under the influence of gravity, they erode the landscape, leaving deep basins and valleys. The largest glacial lakes are the Great Lakes of North America (Superior, Huron, Michigan, Erie, and Ontario), and also Canada's Great Slave and Great Bear Lakes. Glaciers are large bodies of ice that form on land as a result of the accumulation and compaction of snow. As glaciers slowly move under the influence of gravity, they erode the landscape, leaving deep basins and valleys. The largest glacial lakes are the Great Lakes of North America (Superior, Huron, Michigan, Erie, and Ontario), and also Canada's Great Slave and Great Bear Lakes. Great lakes have had their shape for the past 14,000 years Great lakes have had their shape for the past 14,000 years

Natural Resources: Water: Water: Fresh water sources used for transportation, hydroelectric power and trade Fresh water sources used for transportation, hydroelectric power and trade Fuels: Fuels: Petroleum and natural gas—Texas, Alaska and in Canada-Alberta Petroleum and natural gas—Texas, Alaska and in Canada-Alberta Coal—Appalachians, Wyoming and British Columbia Coal—Appalachians, Wyoming and British Columbia Minerals: Minerals: Gold, silver and copper—Rocky Mountains Gold, silver and copper—Rocky Mountains Iron and Nickel—Canadian shield Iron and Nickel—Canadian shield Canada= 28% of worlds potash—salt used in fertilizer Canada= 28% of worlds potash—salt used in fertilizer Timber: Timber: 50% of Canada covered in forests; 30% U.S.—used in commercial lumbering 50% of Canada covered in forests; 30% U.S.—used in commercial lumbering Fishing: Fishing: Atlantic, pacific and gulf of Mexico– rich in fish shell fish Atlantic, pacific and gulf of Mexico– rich in fish shell fish

Mile a Minute Appalachian Mountain Range Appalachian Mountain Range Greenland Greenland Great Plains Great Plains Niagara Falls Niagara Falls Missouri River Missouri River St. Lawrence River St. Lawrence River

Mile a Minute Mississippi River Mississippi River Hawaii Hawaii Mount McKinley Mount McKinley 5 Great Lakes 5 Great Lakes Death Valley Death Valley Rocky Mountains Rocky Mountains

Mile a Minute Tributary Tributary Post Industrial Post Industrial Supercells Supercells Timberline Timberline Chinook Chinook Constitution Constitution Bill of Rights Bill of Rights commodities commodities

Mile a Minute Sunbelt Sunbelt Corn belt Corn belt Republic Republic Dry farming Dry farming Parliament Parliament Dominion Dominion Cabinet Cabinet Eutrophication Eutrophication

How many states do you know by heart? D1s D1s D1s D1s

United States Population: 307,212,123 (July 2009 est.) Population: 307,212,123 (July 2009 est.) Population Population Age structure: Age structure: Age structure Age structure 0-14 years: 20.2% (male 31,639,127/female 30,305,704) 0-14 years: 20.2% (male 31,639,127/female 30,305,704) years: 67% (male 102,665,043/female 103,129,321) years: 67% (male 102,665,043/female 103,129,321) 65 years and over: 12.8% (male 16,901,232/female 22,571,696) (2009 est.) 65 years and over: 12.8% (male 16,901,232/female 22,571,696) (2009 est.) Median age: total: 36.7 years male: 35.4 years female: 38 years (2009 est.) Median age: total: 36.7 years male: 35.4 years female: 38 years (2009 est.) Median age Median age

Canada Population: 33,487,208 (July 2009 est.) Population: 33,487,208 (July 2009 est.) Population Population Age structure: Age structure: Age structure Age structure 0-14 years: 16.1% (male 2,761,711/female 2,626,836) 0-14 years: 16.1% (male 2,761,711/female 2,626,836) years: 68.7% (male 11,633,950/female 11,381,735) years: 68.7% (male 11,633,950/female 11,381,735) 65 years and over: 15.2% (male 2,220,189/female 2,862,787) (2009 est.) 65 years and over: 15.2% (male 2,220,189/female 2,862,787) (2009 est.) Median age: total: 40.4 years male: 39.3 years female: 41.5 years (2009 est.) Median age: total: 40.4 years male: 39.3 years female: 41.5 years (2009 est.) Median age Median age