What is it? What does it make? Name two types? Why do cells divide and reproduce instead of just growing larger?

The Cell Cycle Growth COPIES

>> Deoxy-Ribo-Nucleic Acid Where is it found? What does it do? What does it look like? What is a chromosome?

Structure that packages all the genetic information (DNA) for the identity/design of an organism.

Mitosis: Eukaryotic cell division, whereby the nucleus divides creating two new identical cells with the same genetic material. hill.com/sites/ /student_view0/chapter11/animations.html#

MITOSIS = “IPMAT” Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

MITOSIS = “IPMAT”

“Mitotic Mess Up???” hill.com/sites/ /student_view0/chapter20/ani mations.html# hill.com/sites/ /student_view0/chapter20/ani mations.html# p53 Tumor suppressor gene.

SUMMARY What is cell division? What is a chromosome? Name two parts of a chromosome? Name the parts of the cell cycle. What is mitosis? What are the stages of Mitosis? Results? Describe Cancer?

“Making Mitosis” Without cheating, cut out and organize the stages of animal mitosis and arrange them in the correct order. When you think you have it correct check with me. Upon my approval, paste the stages in order on a piece of paper and label the following: interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, chromosome, chromatid, centromere, centrioles.

Part 2: Asexual Reproduction HOW IS IT DONE? A type of reproduction that involves only one parent and produces identical offspring. MITOSIS!!!

Binary Fission Bacteria and amoeba split once they reach a certain size, making two identical daughter cells of equal size. Strepto- coccus Amoeba

Budding = unequal division. Hydra are solitary, freshwater polyps. It’s also a hermaphrodite. Yeasts are single celled eukaryotic organisms (protist).

Sporulation Bread Mold Spores = small, usually single- celled reproductive bodies with thick protective walls that allow them to withstand harsh conditions.

Regeneration Starfish and Planaria have the ability to re-grow new parts from undifferentiated (not specialized) tissue.

Why do cells divide? What are the four types of asexual reproduction? How is binary fission different from budding? What advantage do spores have? Why might regeneration interest humans?

FOOD for Thought… 100 years ago fisherman made a good living harvesting oysters off the north shore of Long Island. These fishermen often encountered Starfish, which they knew liked to eat oysters and other shellfish. The fisherman decided to cut up the starfish into several parts and throw them back into the water. Today, Long Island’s oyster populations have been greatly depleted. What do you think is the reason for the low oyster population? How could this have happened/been prevented?

Plant Mitosis = three differences from animal…. Can you find them? Cell Plate Cell Wall No centrioles!

Asexual Reproduction by way of roots, stems or leaves. Natural versus Artificial. Vegetable OORRRR Fruit? Bulb Cutting Tubers Layering Runners Grafting Rhizomes

short underground stem with fleshy leaves containing stored food.

fleshy underground stem with buds.

Overground stems that can produce new roots.

underground stems.

Cutting = piece of a stem is cut and placed in water or moist sand. Layering = woody stem of a plant is bent from the parent plant and placed under the soil to grow a new plant/ Grafting = stem is cut from one plant and attached to another.

CUTTINGS

LAYERING

Grafting

Summary Can you think of some advantages of vegetative propagation? Clones = NO variation. Speed/certainty= grafts can yield fruit bearing plants more quickly while seeds often fail to germinate. Seedless Fruits can be reproduced. Combination of desirable traits through grafting.