Single-Celled Organisms Single-Celled organisms are simple life-forms – They move, find food, grow, and reproduce © LoveLearning 2014

One-Celled Organisms Amoebas – a kind of animal – One-celled organism with a nucleus – Live everywhere Pond water, saltwater, animals, and humans! Six kinds of amoebas are found in the human body Amoebas have a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and a nucleus They move by changing their shape © LoveLearning 2014

One-Celled Organisms Algae – plant-like organisms – Live in water, moist places, under rocks – Among the oldest things on earth Algae have a cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, and chloroplasts Algae produce most of the oxygen you breathe! More oxygen then all other plants combined © LoveLearning 2014

One-celled organisms Bacteria – one celled organisms with no nucleus – The material that is usually in a nucleus can be found all over the cytoplasm instead – More bacteria on earth than any other kind of living thing – Some bacteria is helpful, and some is harmful – One handful of soil can contain billions of bacteria. © LoveLearning 2014

How do single-celled organisms move? Tail-like parts called flagella Hairlike structures called cilia – Paramecium also use their cilia to get food © LoveLearning 2014

Single-Celled Organisms © LoveLearning 2014

Microorganism A living thing that is too small to see without a microscope

Microorganisms Microorganisms live everywhere on Earth – Soil, air, water, humans Bacteria make up the largest group of microorganisms Other microorganisms: Fungi, algae, protozoa (amoebas and paramecium) © LoveLearning 2014

Harmful Microorganisms Some harmful bacteria such as Salmonella and E. coli can make you sick – Found in raw chicken and meat, raw eggs, and other foods – If these foods touch other foods, the bacteria can spread – Cooking food kills this bacteria, but the bacteria will begin to grow again if the food is left out of the refrigerator for more than two hours – Strep throat is caused by harmful bacteria –

Harmful Microorganisms A virus is another microorganism that causes diseases – Smaller than bacteria – Viruses cause colds and diseases, and they change as they reproduce – Medicine that kills one virus cannot kill another virus © LoveLearning 2014

Harmful Microorganisms Fungus is another type of microorganism – Mold, yeast, mushrooms Harmful mold and fungi can spread through crops and kill them – Also rot food and wood – Causes different types of skin diseases (athlete’s foot and ringworm) © LoveLearning 2014

Helpful Microorganisms We could not live without microorganisms! – Algae and plankton (microscopic plants and animals) float on the surface of the ocean They feed tiny fish, bigger fish eat the tiny fish, etc. © LoveLearning 2014

Helpful Microorganisms 1. Help provide us with other kinds of food – Bacteria turns milk into yogurt 1 gram of yogurt can contain 1 billion bacteria! – Bacteria produces cheese – Yeast makes bread, rolls, and cakes rise © LoveLearning 2014

Helpful Microorganisms 2. Microorganisms help us digest our food © LoveLearning 2014

Helpful Microorganisms 3. Microorganisms produce medicine – Penicillin is made from mold © LoveLearning 2014

Helpful Microorganisms 4. Make dead things decay – Earth would otherwise be covered with a thick layer of dead plants and animals © LoveLearning 2014

Living with Microorganisms Wash hands often and cook food carefully Antibiotics cure diseases caused by bacteria – Cannot cure diseases caused by fungi or viruses – Can kill both good and bad bacteria Eating yogurt puts back good bacteria in your body operties/module_1/Activity_bacteria.htm operties/module_1/Activity_bacteria.htm © LoveLearning 2014

Protect! Don’t Infect! © LoveLearning 2014

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