Ancient Near East Part 1 Jericho - Sumer. MESOPOTAMIA: SUMMARY PERIOD OUTLINE ANCIENT NEAR EAST EMPIRES Sumer3000-2334 BCE Akkadian2340-2193 BCE Neo-Sumerian2125-2004.

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Ancient Near East Part 1 Jericho - Sumer

MESOPOTAMIA: SUMMARY PERIOD OUTLINE ANCIENT NEAR EAST EMPIRES Sumer BCE Akkadian BCE Neo-Sumerian BCE Old Babylonian BCE Old Assyrian BCE Hittite BCE Neo-Assyrian/ BCE Babylonian Persia BCE

The Fertile Crescent and Mesopotamia: the land between two rivers The First Cities: Jericho, c BCE Ain Ghazal, c BCE Chatal Huyuk, c BCE

Jericho (Jordan): aerial view: mound of 1st town (front) modern city (middle) and Dead Sea (back)

A different tradition: The Human Figures at Ain Ghazal, Jordan

Chatal Huyuk c BCE

Ain Ghazal: 2 phases of pre-pottery Neolithic house c BCE

Chatal Huyuk Anatolia Early, if not the first example of a cityscape wall painting. On top: restored painting Below: pre-restoration.

SOUTHERN MESOPOTAMIA SUMER BCE

MONUMENTAL ARCHITECTURE: The ZIGGURAT (form and function) Ziggurat- example of monumental religious architecture Stepped pyramids structures with a temple or shrine on top Represented wealth, prestige, and prosperity of a city’s rulers and glorified its gods. Symbol of bridge between heaven and earth

Uruk (modern Warka in Iraq): White Temple of Anu, c BCE

Nanna Ziggurat, Ur, c.2100—2050 BCE (present-day Muqaiyir, Iraq)

Carved vase (known as the Uruk Vase) Alabaster c BCE One of the earliest surviving works of narrative relief sculpture. The vase has three registers, or levels, of carving.