PP1 Transitions An Introduction to Risk Assessment

Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 Covers everyone involved with work or affected by it Covers everyone involved with work or affected by it Builds on general duties to cover all possible hazards Builds on general duties to cover all possible hazards Encourages employers to improve organisation and systems Encourages employers to improve organisation and systems Seeks to involve employees through unions and better information Seeks to involve employees through unions and better information Provides stronger powers for inspectors Provides stronger powers for inspectors Creates a framework for developing and updating detailed safety law Creates a framework for developing and updating detailed safety law

Health and Safety Executive (HSE) Responsible for; Implementing policy Implementing policy Inspection Inspection Enforcement Enforcement Research, information & advice Research, information & advice

Responsibility of Employees All employees (incl. students) are responsible for; complying fully with the Health and Safety policy complying fully with the Health and Safety policy safe methods of work within their environment safe methods of work within their environment taking reasonable care of the health and safety of themselves, fellow employees and others who may be affected by their actions taking reasonable care of the health and safety of themselves, fellow employees and others who may be affected by their actions the correct use of all equipment issued to them the correct use of all equipment issued to them reporting to their supervisor all accidents, hazards and damage to the fabric of the building and company property reporting to their supervisor all accidents, hazards and damage to the fabric of the building and company property helping in the investigation of accidents/incidents and introducing measures to prevent recurrence. helping in the investigation of accidents/incidents and introducing measures to prevent recurrence.

Remember who said it?? ‘ When anyone asks me how I can describe my experience of nearly forty years at sea, I merely say uneventful. ‘ When anyone asks me how I can describe my experience of nearly forty years at sea, I merely say uneventful. Of course there have been winter gales and storms and fog and the like, but in all my experience, I have never been in an accident of any sort worth speaking about. I have seen but one vessel in distress in all my years at sea. Of course there have been winter gales and storms and fog and the like, but in all my experience, I have never been in an accident of any sort worth speaking about. I have seen but one vessel in distress in all my years at sea. I never saw a wreck and have never been wrecked, nor was I ever in any predicament that threatened to end in disaster of any sort.’ I never saw a wreck and have never been wrecked, nor was I ever in any predicament that threatened to end in disaster of any sort.’

Accident An unplanned, uncontrolled event which has led to or could have led to injury to people, damage to property or the environment to some extent. An unplanned, uncontrolled event which has led to or could have led to injury to people, damage to property or the environment to some extent.

Safety Not simply the absence of accidents but the result of all persons at work taking positive actions to identify accident causes and implement suitable preventative measures Not simply the absence of accidents but the result of all persons at work taking positive actions to identify accident causes and implement suitable preventative measures

Risk Assessment The identification of the hazards present in an undertaking and an estimate of the risks involved, taking into account precautions already being taken The identification of the hazards present in an undertaking and an estimate of the risks involved, taking into account precautions already being taken

Hazard A condition or practice with potential to cause harm A condition or practice with potential to cause harm

Risk The likelihood of harm arising from exposure to hazard The likelihood of harm arising from exposure to hazard

Risk Assessment What should be Risk Assessed? What should be Risk Assessed? All activities with a foreseeable risk All activities with a foreseeable risk Who should do the Risk Assessment? A Competent Person A Competent Person i.e. someone who has experience of the activity and RA training

Five Steps to Risk Assessment 1. Look for the Hazards 2. Identify who might be harmed 3. Evaluate the risks 4. Record your findings 5. Review and Revise

Looking for Hazards Obvious ones first – they’re easiest! Obvious ones first – they’re easiest! Look again at where you work Look again at where you work Look again at what you do Look again at what you do Ask others involved in what you do Ask others involved in what you do Get information on equipment etc Get information on equipment etc

Main Types of Hazards Slips, Trips and Falls Slips, Trips and Falls Electrical Electrical Working at Height Working at Height Noise Noise Environmental Environmental Mechanical Mechanical

Identify who might be harmed Who takes part in the activity? Who takes part in the activity? Who has access to the area where the activity takes place? Who has access to the area where the activity takes place? Visitors, contractors etc should be taken into account Visitors, contractors etc should be taken into account Young workers, new and expectant mothers, work placements and trainees need special consideration. Young workers, new and expectant mothers, work placements and trainees need special consideration.

Evaluate the risks Assess the risk firstly without any controls Assess the risk firstly without any controls Now add in the existing controls such as: Now add in the existing controls such as: Organisational policies ( e.g. H&S policy) Organisational policies ( e.g. H&S policy) Legal Requirements( e.g. H&SaW 1974) Legal Requirements( e.g. H&SaW 1974) Equipment regs (e.g. Loler, Puwer,WaHr) Equipment regs (e.g. Loler, Puwer,WaHr) Industry Standards ( e.g. ACOPs, SSoW) Industry Standards ( e.g. ACOPs, SSoW) Anything else can you do that is ‘Reasonably Practicable’ Anything else can you do that is ‘Reasonably Practicable’

Useful acronyms in full…. P.P.E. - Personal Protective Equipment P.P.E. - Personal Protective Equipment S.S.o.W. - Safe System of Work S.S.o.W. - Safe System of Work A.C.o.P. - Approved Code of Practice A.C.o.P. - Approved Code of Practice R.I.D.D.O.R. - Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 2013 R.I.D.D.O.R. - Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 2013 P.A.T. - Portable Appliance Testing P.A.T. - Portable Appliance Testing W.a.H.R. – Work at Height Regulations 2005 W.a.H.R. – Work at Height Regulations 2005 C.O.S.H.H. – Control of Substances Hazardous to Health C.O.S.H.H. – Control of Substances Hazardous to Health L.O.L.E.R. – Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regs L.O.L.E.R. – Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regs C.H.I.P. – Chemical (Hazard Information and Packaging for Supply Regs.) 2002 C.H.I.P. – Chemical (Hazard Information and Packaging for Supply Regs.) 2002 P.U.W.E.R. – Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regs P.U.W.E.R. – Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regs A.B.T.T. – Association of British Theatre Technicians A.B.T.T. – Association of British Theatre Technicians

Evaluate the risks The Hierarchy of Controls Remove the Hazard Remove the Hazard Avoid the Hazard Avoid the Hazard Minimise Exposure to the Hazard Minimise Exposure to the Hazard Create a Safe Way of Working Create a Safe Way of Working Personal Protective Equipment Personal Protective Equipment Please note that giving out gloves, masks, shoes etc is a Last Resort!

Evaluate the risks Likelihood 1Highly unlikely 2Unlikely 3Possible, or likely to occur in medium term 4Some exposure likely 5Probable or very likely

Evaluate the risks Severity 1 Minor Injury, No lost time, First Aid Treatment 2Lost time injury/ HSE reportable lost time injury 3Other HSE reportable injury e..g Fractures 4Permanent disability e.g. amputation, loss of eye. Major injury to one person. 5Fatal Injury, Major injury to more than one person

Evaluate the risks Likelihood versus Severity Risk Rating Grid Use the Grid to determine the Risk Factor Then add your control measures Reassess to produce the Residual Risk Factor Take action if required Likelihood Severity LowLow - MediumMedium Medium - HighHigh Low Low - Med Medium Med - High High Likelihood Severity LowLow - MediumMedium Medium - HighHigh Low Low - Med Medium Med - High High

Urban Myth Thinking about it is enough. I don’t need to write it down WRONG! H&S Law requires you to record your findings. This can be on paper or electronically. Remember you may have to prove you Risk Assessed an activity in Court

Record your findings

Review your findings Initial risk assessments are often ‘paper exercises’ Initial risk assessments are often ‘paper exercises’ Once this is complete, measure it against reality and in situ. Once this is complete, measure it against reality and in situ. Review and reassess in the light of new information or if some part of the activity changes Review and reassess in the light of new information or if some part of the activity changes Review regularly, based on a time period. Review regularly, based on a time period.

Review your findings Keep your risk assessments handy Keep your risk assessments handy If necessary produce Method Statements or Working Practices as a result of your findings If necessary produce Method Statements or Working Practices as a result of your findings Show anyone undertaking the activities the Risk Assessment and Method Statements before they start the activity… Show anyone undertaking the activities the Risk Assessment and Method Statements before they start the activity… …and ensure they understand their responsibilities! …and ensure they understand their responsibilities!

Generic and Specific Risk Assessment Some activities take place across the building on a regular basis Some activities take place across the building on a regular basis In these cases one risk assessment should be produced for everyone In these cases one risk assessment should be produced for everyone Some activities are very specific and should have their own risk assessment produced Some activities are very specific and should have their own risk assessment produced

Risk Assessment It’s not rocket science…it’s just common sense!

PP1 Assignment Choose an area of work in the production department and undertake a risk assessment. Choose an area of work in the production department and undertake a risk assessment. Submit your completed assessment along with your OLAS certificates and your signed OP&R declaration to AAS by 2pm on Monday 17 th November Submit your completed assessment along with your OLAS certificates and your signed OP&R declaration to AAS by 2pm on Monday 17 th November A short online test will be opened on Monday 10 th November 2014 on Moodle. A short online test will be opened on Monday 10 th November 2014 on Moodle. Complete the test by 2pm on Monday 17 th November Complete the test by 2pm on Monday 17 th November 2014.