Digital Display Company

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Presentation transcript:

Digital Display Company Welcome to LG OLED 2006. 7. 05 LG Electronics Inc. Digital Display Company OLED Business Team

목 차 Contents LG OLED 소개 OLED 구동 원리 및 구조 OLED 강점 OLED Issues LG OLED 강점 목 차 LG OLED 소개 OLED 구동 원리 및 구조 OLED 강점 OLED Issues LG OLED 강점 - Technology - Vertical Integration 1/36

Introduction – LG OLED R&D and Manufacturing R&D Center Manufacturing DD연구소 [서울] - DD(연) OLED그룹 OLED연구실 [구미] TV Monitor PDP OLED Manufacturing 서울 M/P : 2Q ’04 ~ Capa : 7,000 Sheets / Month 위치 : 구미 평택 구미 청주 Product 창원 AM OLED Module PM OLED Module 2/36

Introduction - LG OLED Development History 2005 E2 Line Set up (July) 양산시작 20.1” AM OLED 개발 (the largest size in the world) 2004 2003 Mobile Phone 1” Sub용 개발 E1 Line Set up LG CDMA LG GSM 2002 Full Color 1.8” 128×128 PM OLED Module 개발 2000 1.3” Multicolor PM OLED Module 개발 1998 3.8” QVGA PM OLED Module 개발 MP3 PM OLED 3/36

OLED 발광 Mechanism 4/36

OLED Display 특성 Opto-Electrical characteristics Circuit model CPIXEL Circuit model Linear I-L characteristics Approximate linear relationship between light intensity vs. current density. Easy gray scale realization with current control. I-V characteristics like a diode 5/36

Emission Efficiency of OLED 인광 재료 G: 19% R: 7% B: 5~6% Charge injection & transfer e-h Pair(Exciton) formation() Max.  = 100% Flourescence Phosphorescence Singlet Exciton formation(rs) Max. rs = 25% Triplet Exciton formation (rt) Max. rt + Max. rs = 75% + 25% = 100% Fluorescence Emission(qf) Max. qf = 100% Phosphorescence Emission (qp) Max. qp = 100% Optical Coupling(coupling) coupling = 20% Optical Coupling(coupling) coupling = 20% External quantum efficiency(ext) Max. ext =  rs qf coupling = 5% External quantum efficiency(ext) Max. ext =  rt qpcoupling = 20% 6/36

Out-coupling Internal QE External QE cathode 31.5% waveguided or emitted from sides 51% waveguided cathode 전자주입전극 유기발광층 ( n ~ 1.7) 정공주입전극 ( ITO: n = 1.8 ~ 2.1) Internal QE 투명 기판 (유리 : n =1.46 ) External QE 17.5% coupled out ※ Display 적용시, Pixel 개구율 (PM 55%), 원형 편광판 투과율(45%) 고려 → 광 변환율은 형광 2%, 인광 5% 로, 90% 이상 광손실 발생 ※ High efficiency light extraction 1. 고개구율화 (White OLED +CF, Top Emission 등) 2. Microlens, Microcavity 등 3. BM, 고투과율 광학 Film 개발 7/36

OLED Device Materials - Light output + 두께: 100 ~ 200 nm 발광층 (EML) 정공 전자 수송층 (ETL) 발광층 (EML) 정공 (HTL) Anode Cathode - + 두께: 100 ~ 200 nm Exciton Light output (from KETI, 2005) 8/36

Organic Materials DNTPD(HIL) α-NPD(HTL) Alq3(ETL) DCJTB(Red) mQD (Green) DPVBi(Blue) UV UV UV 9/36

OLED Panel Structure : PM, Bottom Emisssion Anode (ITO) Cathode (metal) 격벽 (Cathode Separator) Glass Substrate 절연막 (Insulator) Getter 전자수송층(ETL) 발 광 층 (EML) 정공수송층(HTL) 정공주입층(HIL) 전자주입층(EIL) Sealant RGB (Full Color) Encap- sulation Cathode Separator Organic EL ITO Glass Polarizer 10/36

OLED Process (PM) AM에서는 제외 AM에서는 제외 PHOTO & ETCHING 증착공정 UV 조사 ITO sputtering ITO patterning Metal patterning 절연막 형성 격벽 형성 R/G/B source PLASMA O2 증착공정 Evaporation Plasma 처리 Loading UV 조사 Encap. 공정 Sealing Seal 형성 Getter 주입 Canister 세척 후공정 Aging Cell 절단 Cell 검사 Pol 부착 TAB 공정 출하검사 11/36

OLED Process (AM) INPUT AM용 TFT 유기EL층 형성 상부전극 형성 Encapsulation SCRIBE & BREAKING Cutting the combined glass into screen units Encapsulation sealing 유기EL층 형성 HIL, HTL, RGB용 EML ETL 증착 (shadow mask이용) 상부전극 형성 Al 증착 Module Factory FINAL INSPECTION Inspecting the TFT panel while regular display signal is applied 12/36

+ + OLED Product Assembly Process (PM) Sub-Unit Sub-KIT Bare PCB + + FOG 공정 FOB 공정 + + ILB 공정 SMT 공정 + Bare PCB + 부품 13/36

OLED 구동 방식 구조 및 구동방식 Current Source Element Addressing Element (a) PM (Passive Matrix) (b) AM (Active Matrix) Matrix 전극 사이에 EL device ☞ Line 선택 구간만 Emission Matrix 전극 사이에 EL 구동 TFT ☞ Frame time 동안 Emission 가능 14/36 9 9 11

PM & AM 구동방식 비교 Passive Matrix Active Matrix 15/36 Driving method Duty Driving (Scan라인 선택시 점등) Static Driving (상시 점등) 고휘도  Scan Line 증가에 따라 높은 순간 휘도 요구 Scan Line수의 한계 (160line)  Scan Line수에 관계없이 고휘도 실현가능 저소비전력  순간 휘도 = Scan Line × 요구 휘도 ☞ 고전압구동  요구 휘도의 구동전압으로 상시 발광 ☞ 저전압구동 소형화 & Symmetry  구동 IC를 외부장착  구동회로 Panel 내장 가능 소자구조 및 Cost  Simple Process Low Cost  LTPS(TFT) + OLED 복잡한 프로세스 응용제품  2” 이하의 Mobile용 Display 저해상도 거치형 제품 - Car Audio, 자동차용 계기판, 가전제품용 Display  다양한 Size의 Display에 응용 (Mobile, CNS, Notebook, TV ) 1) PM의 경우 높은 순간 휘도 (Lp)가 요구됨. Lp = Lo × Scan Line 수 ※ PM에서 1 Pixel 발광 시간, tp = 1 Frame / Scan Line 수 ※ AM에서 1 Pixel 발광 시간 = 1 Frame 1 Frame (AM) Lo Time 휘도 Lp tp 15/36

Why OLED? Key Features Of OLED Thinner, Lighter, Faster = Better! Self Emitting Thin and Light Wide 170 View Angle High Quality Image Fast Response Time Flexible & Rollerable 16/36

AMOLED vs. TFT-LCD (AM)OLED 의 장점 Comparison Slim : No Back-light (10.4” ) Color Nice Color - Wide Color Gamut (OLED 65%, LCD55%) Weight 휘 도 Fast Response - 동영상이 가능한 응답속도 (OLED 10μsec, LTPS LCD 10msec) - No temperature sensitivity Response Time Thickness Power Consumption - LCD : BL always on - OLED : Only necessary pixels on Power Consumption Resolution Viewing Angle Wide View Angle Transmissive LCD AMOLED High Contrast -Self emissive display 17/36

Why OLED? 18/36