M. Djordjevic 1 Light and heavy flavor phenomenology at RHIC and LHC Magdalena Djordjevic Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade.

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Presentation transcript:

M. Djordjevic 1 Light and heavy flavor phenomenology at RHIC and LHC Magdalena Djordjevic Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade

M. Djordjevic 2 Jet suppression – a traditional probe of QCD matter Light and heavy flavour suppressions have been considered as excellent probes of QCD matter. Suppression for a number of observables at RHIC and LHC has been measured. Comparison of theory with the experiments allows testing our understanding of QCD matter.

M. Djordjevic 3 Some problems as well However, results of some measurements appear strongly counterintuitive. Example: Heavy flavor puzzle at RHIC, which led some theorists to seek explanation outside of perturbative QCD. Similar puzzling data appear at LHC as well. Addressing this puzzles from a pQCD perspective is the main topic of this talk.

M. Djordjevic 4 Puzzling RHIC and LHC suppression data Unexpected results! LHCRHIC R AA (h ± ) = R AA (D) R AA (π 0 ) ~ R AA (e ± ) RHICLHC

M. Djordjevic 5 Overview  Concentrate on puzzling data – can pQCD explain them?  Review of suppression pQCD calculations  Some recent improvements – dynamical scattering centers, finite magnetic mass, running coupling  Discussing LHC data  Discussing RHIC data  What we learned and what are immediate challenges?

M. Djordjevic 6 1)Initial momentum distributions for partons 2)Parton energy loss 3)Fragmentation functions of partons into hadrons 4)Decay of heavy mesons to single e - and J/psi. Jet suppression hadrons 1) production 2) medium energy loss 3) fragmentation partons e -, J/psi 4) decay

M. Djordjevic 7 Jet energy loss Initially, most of the energy loss calculations assumed only radiative energy loss, and a QCD medium composed of static scattering centers. (e.g. GW, DGLV, ASW,BDMPS...) However, these calculations lead to an obvious disagreement with the experimental data. Is collisional energy loss also important? Yes, collisional and radiative energy losses are comparable!

8 With such approximation, collisional energy loss has to be exactly equal to zero! Static QCD medium approximation (modeled by Yukawa potential). Introducing collisional energy loss is necessary, but inconsistent with static approximation! Static medium approximation should not be used in radiative energy loss calculations! However, collisional and radiative energy losses are shown to be comparable. Non-zero collisional energy loss - a fundamental problem Dynamical QCD medium effects have to be included!

We developed the radiative jet energy loss formalism in a finite size dynamical QCD medium. M. D., Phys.Rev.C80:064909,2009. M. D. and U. Heinz, Phys.Rev.Lett.101:022302,2008. Dynamical energy loss We computed the jet radiative energy loss in dynamical medium of thermally distributed massless quarks and gluons. Abolishes approximation of static scatterers.

M. Djordjevic 10 The dynamical energy loss formalism is based on HTL perturbative QCD, which requires zero magnetic mass. Finite magnetic mass However, different non-perturbative approaches show a non-zero magnetic mass at RHIC and LHC. Can magnetic mass be consistently included in the dynamical energy loss calculations?

M. Djordjevic 11 Generalization of radiative jet energy loss to finite magnetic mass M.D. and M. Djordjevic, Phys.Lett.B709:229,2012 zero magnetic mass From our analysis, only this part gets modified. Finite magnetic mass:, where.

Dynamical energy loss - summary Computed both collisional and radiative energy loss, in a finite size QCD medium, composed of dynamical scatterers. M. D. PRC 80: (2009), M. D. and U. Heinz, PRL 101: (2008). Finite magnetic mass effects. M. D. and M. Djordjevic, PLB 709:229 (2012) Includes running coupling M. D. and M. Djordjevic, arXiv: Considers finite size optically thin QCD medium. Complementary to AMY, which considers infinite size optically thick QCD medium.

M. Djordjevic 13 Numerical procedure Light flavor production Z.B. Kang, I. Vitev, H. Xing, PLB 718:482 (2012) Heavy flavor production M. Cacciari et al., JHEP 1210, 137 (2012) Path-length fluctuations A. Dainese, EPJ C33:495,2004. Multi-gluon fluctuations M. Gyulassy, P. Levai, I. Vitev, PLB 538:282 (2002). DSS and KKP fragmenation for light flavor D. de Florian, R. Sassot, M. Stratmann, PRD 75: (2007) B. A. Kniehl, G. Kramer, B. Potter, NPB 582:514 (2000) BCFY and KLP fragmenation for heavy flavor M. Cacciari, P. Nason, JHEP 0309: 006 (2003) Decays of heavy mesons to single electron and J/psi according to M. Cacciari et al., JHEP 1210, 137 (2012) Temperature T=304 MeV for LHC and T=221 MeV for RHIC. M. Wilde, Nucl. Phys. A , 573c (2013) (ALICE Collab.) A. Adare et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, (2010) (PHENIX Collab.)

M. Djordjevic 14 Generating predictions Provide joint predictions across diverse probes charged hadrons, pions, kaons, D mesons, non-photonic single electorns, non-prompt J/  M. D. and M. Djordjevic, arXiv: Puzzles (apparently surprising data) Measured charged hadron vs. D meson supression M. D., arXiv:arXiv: Fine resolution hierarchy Measured pion vs. kaon suppression M. D. and M. Djordjevic, arXiv: All predictions generated  By the same formalism  With the same numerical procedure  No free parameters in model testing

M. Djordjevic 15 Comparison with LHC data Very good agreement with diverse probes! M. D. and M. Djordjevic, arXiv:

M. Djordjevic 16 Heavy flavor puzzle at LHC Significant gluon contribution in charged hadrons Much larger gluon suppression R AA (h ± ) < R AA (D)

M. Djordjevic 17 Charged hadrons vs D meson R AA R AA (h ± ) = R AA (D) Excellent agreement with the data! Disagreement with the qualitative expectations! M. D., arXiv:arXiv: ALICE data

M. Djordjevic 18 Hadron R AA vs. parton R AA D meson is a genuine probe of bare charm quark suppression Distortion by fragmentation Charged hadron R AA = light quark R AA M. D., arXiv:arXiv:

M. Djordjevic 19 Puzzle summary R AA (D) = R AA (charm) R AA (light quarks) = R AA (charm) R AA (h ± ) = R AA (D) Puzzle explained! M. D., arXiv: R AA (h ± ) = R AA (light quarks)

M. Djordjevic 20 Comparison with RHIC data Very good agreement!

M. Djordjevic 21 Importance of fragmentation functions Traditionally, jet suppression studies mainly concentrate on energy loss. However, the puzzles at both RHIC and LHC show that fragmentation functions can be equally important. Are there other examples where such interplay between fragmentation and energy loss can be observed?

M. Djordjevic 22 Fine resolution hierarchy

M. Djordjevic 23 Pion vs. kaon R AA Clear (fine resolution) hierarchy between pion and kaon R AA s. DisagreementAgreement M. D. and M. Djordjevic, arXiv: ALICE data

M. Djordjevic 24 KKP vs. DSS A reversed hierarchy in gluon to light quark contributions! M. D. and M. Djordjevic, arXiv:

M. Djordjevic 25 Summary pQCD can simultaneously explain measurements for a diverse set of probes at both RHIC and LHC. The formalism can explain puzzling data (“the heavy flavor puzzles at RHIC and LHC”) and fine resolution data. Charged hadron suppression is a genuine probe of light quark suppression. Immediate challenge: extend the predictions to non-central collisions and elliptic flow.

Acknowledgement Ministry of Science and Education in Serbia FP7 Marie Curie International Reintegration grant L’Oreal UNESCO For Women in Science Serbia Many thanks to: M. Djordjevic for collaboration on this project. I. Vitev and Z. Kang for providing the initial light flavor distributions and useful discussions. M. Cacciari for useful discussions on heavy flavor production and decay processes. ALICE Collaboration for providing the preliminary data M. Stratmann and Z. Kang for help with DSS fragmentation functions.

M. Djordjevic 27 Running coupling Collisional energy lossRadiative energy loss k,c q,a p p q M. D. and M. Djordjevic, arXiv: