Land of China -Huang He—Yellow -Loess - “ China ’ s Sorrow ” -Chang Jiang—Yangtze -Mostly Mountainous Or Desert -Geographically Isolated -Middle Kingdom Or “ Center Of The World ” -China Proper

First Dynasties -Xia Dynasty -Not Much Info Years Ago -Shang bc -Strong Government -Ancestor Worship -Irrigation And Flood Control Measures Developed -Use Of Silkworms Begins -Complex Lunar Calendars Developed

First Dynasties -Xia Dynasty -Not Much Info Years Ago -Shang bc -Strong Government -Ancestor Worship -Irrigation And Flood Control Measures Developed -Use Of Silkworms Begins -Complex Lunar Calendars Developed

Zhou Dynasty BC -Expanded Bureaucracy -Mandate Of Heaven -idea that Gods favored a certain group to rule and that group is only overthrown when they have lost the favor of the Gods -Dao—Proper Way Of Ruling -justified Revolution -Set Up Dynastic Cycles -Filial Piety—family structure where everyone has a defined place and lives according to that place -Chinese Writing -Ideographic -Calligraphy

Qin Dynasty -Qin Dynasty -Won Warring Period bc -Legalism—political philosophy in strict law and order -Great Wall Of China Begun -Dynasty Overthrown Because Of Discontent

Han Dynasty -Begins in 202bc -Many Chinese Call Themselves The People Of Han -Confucianism-had begun in the Zhou dynasty but becomes the major Chinese philosophy during the Han period -Civil Service System -Leveling System Of Farm Supports -Silk Road Trade Flourishes

Han Dynasty -Technology Advantages -Steel -Water Mills -Sailing -Paper -Cultural Flowering -Terra Cotta Soldiers -Buddhism Takes Hold -Hope And Compassion -Arrived As China Was In Turmoil

Chinese Philosophies -Chinese Philosophies -Chinese Dualism -Yin—Female -Yang—Male -One Balances The Other -3 Major Schools Of Thought

Confucianism -Confucius, BC -Analects -Political And Ethical Philosophy -Duty –Humanity -Family, Elders, Past -Duty -Virtue -Public Service

Confucianism -Confucius, BC -Analects -Political And Ethical Philosophy -Duty –Humanity -Family, Elders, Past -Duty -Virtue -Public Service

Daoism -Daoism -Laozi—around 500BC -Achieve a Closeness With Nature -Dao—The Way -Withdraw From The World To Achieve Oneness With the Dao

Legalism -Legalism -Belief that People are Evil and Selfish by Nature -Law And Order Provided by Government Makes Society Stable

Chinese Culture -Chinese Culture -Role Of The Family -Extended Family -Mostly Small Villages -Five Classics -Analects

Chinese Achievements -Science -Paper -Printing -Astronomy -Acupuncture -Seismographs

Chinese Achievements -Science -Paper -Printing -Astronomy -Acupuncture -Seismographs

Ming Dynasty -Ming Dynasty -Replaced the Mongol dynasty -Late 1300 ’ s -Construction of Beijing as the capital -Imperial City -Forbidden City -Rid China of Mongol influences -Chinese purity -Belief in self-sufficiency -Enhanced border defenses rather than trade

Qing Dynasty -Qing Dynasty -Manchu people of northern China -Only small percent of Chinese population -Worked to share power by incorporating Chinese officials in the government to Dynasty weakened just as Europeans arrived -Last dynasty in China

Europeans -China and Europeans -Portuguese -Reached China in st European contact since Marco Polo -Restricted to the trading port of Macao -Jesuit missionaries -Anti-missionary feelings develop

Europeans -British -Guangzhou -Late 1600 ’ s they begin to pressure China for trade -British East India Tea Company -Allowed Restricted contact with the Chinese

Chinese Economy -Nearly all were small farmers -Use of new crops from the Americas -Trade within China continued to grow -Industries being to develop -Chinese junks -Most advanced ships in the world -Contact with Africa, India and the ME in early 1400 ’ s

Chinese Life -most of the people lived and worked in small villages -agricultural production increased because of better techniques, irrigation, and the Grand Canal thus leading to great population growth -many townspeople began to work as merchants as trade increased

Chinese Culture -Traditional Confucian values remained strong -Qing dynasty required Chinese men to wear hair in a braid as was the Manchu custom -Manchu people of the Qing dynasty were legally a separate and higher class of citizens -Ming porcelain admired around the world -Growth of printed novels and stories

China ’ s Decline -China ’ s decline -Weakness of Qing dynasty -Economic and bureaucratic problems -Domination by foreign powers -Several rebellions within China