Time to Restore a Balanced, Rules- Based Multilateral Trading System PA-167 Presented by: Ernest H. Preeg, Ph.D. Senior Advisor for International Trade and Finance

$billions % Increase 00/ % Increase 00/14 World*3,5349,312163Switzerland China2202,202901India EU*7361,787143Thailand United States6501,16479Malaysia Japan Turkey South Korea Listed3,0528, Mexico Asians1,2554, Singapore Western Europeans 8322, Taiwan North Americans9651,68575 Canada Table 1 – Leading Exporters of Manufactures *EU exports to non-members, as also calculated for world, which is used throughout this study Source(s): WTO, International Trade Statistics

$billions China+450+1, Switzerland EU India United States Thailand Japan Malaysia South Korea Turkey Mexico Listed+786+1, Singapore Asians+939+1, Taiwan Western Europeans Canada North Americans Table 2 – Trade Balances in Manufactures Source(s): WTO, International Trade Statistics

ExportsTrade BalanceExportsTrade Balance World , Asia China Japan South Korea Taiwan India Western Europe EU North America Canada Mexico Rest of the World Brazil Russia4+190 Source(s): WTO, International Trade Statistics, and U.S. Census Bureau, FT-900 Table 3 – U.S. Trade in Manufactures by Region and Principal Trading Partner ($billions)

$billions EU Germany France Italy Spain eurozone United Kingdom Remainder of EU Table 4 – U.S. Trade in Manufactures With Principal EU Members Source(s): WTO, International Trade Statistics, and U.S. Census Bureau, FT-900

$billions Exports EU United States India China Trade Balances EU United States India China Table 5 – Exports and Trade Balances for Business Services Source(s): WTO, International Trade Statistics, 5.5 and 5.6

$billions Exports EU117 United States34 India56 China20 Trade Balances EU+53 United States+2 India+52 China+9 Table 6 – Exports and Trade Balances for Telecommunications, Computer, and Information Services, 2014 Source(s): WTO, World Trade Report

$billions % Change 14/15 United States Exports1,1891,149-3% Imports1,7501,799+3% Trade Balance % China Exports2,2282,169-3% Imports1,2301,123-9% Trade Balance+998+1,046+5% Table 7 – U.S. and Chinese Global Trade in Manufactures, Source(s): U.S. Census FT-900, and Chinese Customs Statistics (Monthly Exports and Imports)

$billions ExportsImports Trade Balance ExportsImports Trade Balance World1,1491, Germany China France Japan Italy South Korea Spain710-3 Taiwan Four eurozone India United Kingdom Malaysia Canada Vietnam434-30Mexico Seven Asians NAFTA Three TPP Table 8 – U.S. Bilateral Trade in Manufactures, 2015 Source(s): U.S. Census, FT-900

ExportsTrade Balance U.S.ChinaU.S.China Medicines and pharmaceutical products Power generating machinery and equipment Machinery specialized for particular Industries General industrial machinery and equipment Office and data processing equipment Telecommunications and sound recording Electrical machinery and appliances Road vehicles Other transport equipment Professional and scientific instruments Ten-industry total*7521, *SITC 54, 71-72, 74-79, 87 Source(s): U.S. Census Bureau FT-900, and China’s Customs Statistics (Monthly Exports and Imports) Table 9 – U.S. and Chinese Exports of High-Technology Industries, 2015 ($billions)