Our Location on the Earth North South EastWest North South East you are here West.

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Presentation transcript:

Our Location on the Earth

North South EastWest

North South East you are here West

Our Location on the Earth North South EastWest

North South EastWest Earth’s direction of rotation

Our Location on the Earth North South EastWest

North South EastWest Equator

North South EastWest Equator Prime Meridian

Our Location on the Earth North South EastWest Equator Prime Meridian

Our Location on the Earth North South EastWest Equator Prime Meridian

Our Location on the Earth North South EastWest Equator Prime Meridian longitude

Our Location on the Earth North South EastWest Equator Prime Meridian longitude latitude

Our Location on the Earth North 122 o 23’ west longitude 47 o 57’ north latitude MTHS, WA

Our Location on the Earth North Brier, WA The Earth turns to the east

Our Location on the Earth North Brier, WA

Our Location on the Earth North Brier, WA

Our Location on the Earth North Brier, WA

Our Location on the Earth Brier, WA North

Dome of the Sky North Horizon Zenith Nadir meridoan Simulation

Dome of the Sky North Horizon looking south looking north Zenith Nadir toward north star

Dome of the Sky south north zenith toward North Star

Dome of the Sky north zenith toward pole star south

Dome of the Sky

Zenith North Meridian Horizon

Zenith North Meridian Azimuth Altitude East Horizon

Zenith North Meridian Azimuth Altitude

ZenithNorth Meridian Azimuth Altitude

Celestial Sphere

North Celestial Pole (NCP)

Celestial Sphere North Celestial Pole (NCP)

Celestial Sphere North Celestial Pole (NCP) Celestial Equator

Celestial Sphere Celestial Equator North Celestial Pole (NCP)

Right Ascension (RA) Declination (Dec) Celestial Equator Celestial Sphere

NCP Right Ascension (RA) Declination (Dec) Celestial Equator Celestial Sphere

Right Ascension (RA) Declination (Dec) Celestial Sphere

Right Ascension (RA) Declination (Dec) One of the two points on the Celestial Sphere where the Ecliptic and the Celestial Equator cross one another, The First Point of Aries, which is actually in Pisces, defines the zero-point for Right Ascension. When the Sun reaches the First Point of Aries, as it does once each year, an equinox occurs. In the northern hemisphere, this is the Vernal Equinox, the first day of Spring.

The First Point of Aries is not a fixed point in space: it moves along the Ecliptic at a rate of roughly one degree every seventy years. When the Equinox was first observed, thousands of years ago, the First Point actually lay in the constellation of Aries. Due to the effect of precession, the First Point of Aries crossed into the neighboring constellation of Pisces in about 70 BCE. It has taken about 2,000 years to cross Pisces, and it will soon cross into the next zodiacal constellation, Aquarius, in about the year Following its journey along the Ecliptic, it will return to its starting point in Aries once again in about 23,000 years.

The Sky from Here From the ground, the sky looks like a big dome above us. Both the “zenith” and horizon are locally defined.

Celestial Equator and Pole We project the Earth into the sky, and its rotation appears reflected there. The “diurnal” (daily) motion of the sky is just due to the spinning Earth.

Celestial Coordinates To “map” a given point in the sky, you can specify how high it is, and in what direction (altitude and azimuth). Or you can project latitude (declination) and longitude into the sky, but since the Earth rotates, we must use “right ascension” which is fixed on the stars.

Let’s set it all in motion Diurnal Motion - –The rotation of the Earth –This causes the stars to change during a night –They rise in the East and set in the West –Or rise in the SE and set in the SW

Motion of the Stars Do all locations on Earth see the same motion of the stars? Visible Sky Simulation

Motion of stars as seen from Brier

Let’s set it all in motion Night sky changing through the year –Earth’s orbit around the Sun –Stars up at sunset change during the year Zodiac Simulation

Let’s set it all in motion

Usefulness of the Constellations We can use the constellations to orient ourselves in the sky Polaris - The north star –in Brier our latitude is 48 degrees north –Therefore Polaris is 48 degrees above the horizon –This means you can always know your latitude in the northern hemisphere by knowing were Polaris is Let’s look to the Northern Sky

Northern Sky

Usefulness of the Constellations The constellations can also tell you the time of year by looking to the east around the time of Sunset. Let’s look at the what you might see in the Summer or Winter

Winter Triangle

Summer Triangle

Chart of the Sky Note how the Sun appears to go North and South as the year progresses. The zero point of Right Ascension occurs at the Spring crossing of the Equator (vernal equinox). The solstices occur at the maximum N/S excursions.