R.arghand

 It cannot be defined explicitly  broadband is a cluster of concepts, including: Always-on combined provision of voice, data and video at the same time High-capacity (ITU: downstream speeds of at least 256 kbit/s )

 Fixed broadband cable modem, DSL, FTTx, Metro Ethernet, WLAN  Mobile broadband wideband CDMA2000, CDMA2000 1xEV- DO, HSDPA, WiMAX, etc

Economic values EEconomic growth = €850 billion in EU (Source: World Bank) IIncrease in jobs and productivity 1 million jobs in EU (Source: EU estimates) ggreater efficiency CConvenient movement to NGN and NGA

Social values  Dissemination of information  E-governance  E-Learning  Inclusion and participation in society twitter, facebook, blogs, forums  Public health and safety Tele-medicine

PolicyInfrastructure Technology and Innovation Content and Applications PeopleGovernment

Supply-side broadband policiesDemand-side broadband policies

 e-Government policies  e-commerce and e-working policies  e-learning policies  Digital literacy and digital divide policies

 infrastructure and application development policies  content promotion policies  industrial policies  regulatory and competition policies

Regulatory direction New means of regulation Regulate Facilitate

 easing entry restrictions for service providers and ensuring access to infrastructure for new entrants, through for example local loop unbundling and infrastructure sharing?  introducing regulations on retail pricing to boost demand  facilitating access to spectrum for new mobile technologies  Preventing ‘over-competition’ (too many players competing in a finite market)

 Privatisation of TCI  Licensing 3G operator  Licensing Wimax operator (nationwide operator)  policies to promote national access to broadband  Introducing Service Level Agreement for broadband  Planning to implement a nationwide FTTx network  Improving infrastructure of TIC (Telecommunication Infrastructure Company)  Developing e-government  Planning to issue regulations for content

 Introducing new services  Establishing Infrastructure  Developing new growth engines  Promoting the market