UNIT 14 Social Psychology: Attitudes, Actions, & Conformity Modules 74 & 75 AP Psychology.

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Presentation transcript:

UNIT 14 Social Psychology: Attitudes, Actions, & Conformity Modules 74 & 75 AP Psychology

WHAT IS SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY?

ATTRIBUTION THEORY (Heider) -Explaining behavior of others based on ________________ (personal traits) or ______________________ (based on external events/environment) This can lead to FUNDAMENTAL ATTRIBUTION ERROR: This leads to INACCURACIES IN JUDGMENTS WE MAKE ABOUT OTHERS! -> Westerners tend to attribute behavior to personality traits -> We do it A LOT when strangers act badly->

ATTITUDE FORMATION Attitude: -> 2 Types of Persuasion: - Peripheral Route Persuasion: occurs when people are influenced by incidental cues, such as an ad lures you with an attractive man -Central Route Persuasion: Occurs when interested people focus on the arguments, more thoughtful and less superficial, more likely to influence behavior ie statistics -People will stand up for what they believe, and will also believe more strongly in what they have stood up for. Compliance: Internalization: Incorporating an attitude into your own belief system = Foot in the Door Phenomenon. It is …

ROLES & PHIL Roles: Set of expectations about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave Zimbardo’s 1972 Stanford Prison Experiment:

COGNITIVE DISSONANCE Definition: The less coerced and more responsible we feel for a troubling act, the more dissonance we feel. The more dissonance we feel, the more we are motivated we are to change our attitudes to justify an act Ex: US Invasion of Iraq->

CONFORMITY & SOCIAL NORMS Enormous power of social influence!! We are natural mimics- Definition of Conformity: Normative vs. Informational Social Influence-> –Normative- results from a person’s desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval –Informational- results with our desire to be accurate, we accept others’ opinions about reality

ASCH’S EXPERIMENT Remember the line experiment? More than 1/3 of those studied would go with the crowd! 1. Begin to question your own senses if everyone else says differently? 2. Will go along with what everyone else says is correct 3. No one wants to be a loner!

OBEDIENCE & MILGRAM ->Remember shocking people to “teach them?” How far did they go? 1.One of the strongest ways to influence people is with authority – particularly if associated with an organization 2.People will do what they know is not right if legitimate authorities tell them to do it (and they are right in the room watching you). Nazi concentration camp workers is an example 3.Obedience is optimum if no one else seem to object and the victim is depersonalized – even if just in another room