Somatic Symptom Disorders Formerly known as Somatoform Disorders Occur when a person manifests a psychological problem through a physiological symptom. Two types……

Illness Anxiety Disorder Formerly Hypochondriasis Has frequent physical complaints for which medical doctors are unable to locate the cause. They usually believe that the minor issues (headache, upset stomach) are indicative of more severe illnesses.

Functional Neurological Symptom Formerly Conversion Disorder Report the existence of severe physical problems with no biological reason Many people that suffer from conversion disorder become blind after witnessing a horrible tragedy or paralyzed from the waist down after the death of a loved one.

Mood Disorders Experience extreme or inappropriate emotion

Depression The common cold of psychological disorders It is like a warning that something is wrong

Major Depressive Disorder unipolar depression A person, for no apparent reason, experiences two or more weeks of depressive moods. Includes feelings of worthlessness and diminished interest or pleasure in most activities, friends, and family

Dysthymic Disorder Suffering from mild depression every day for at least two years (down-in-the dumps mood) Difficulty making decisions; chronic low energy and low self-esteem Sleep/eat too much or not enough This is one mildly depressed sheep!!! I guess we should try to shear her up (get it?)

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) People that suffer from SAD only experience depression during the winter months. It is believed that the lack of sunlight (not temperature) in the winter brings about the depression. Therapist recommend something called light therapy; using a light that mimics the sun (it is pricey so my advice would be just to move to Florida!)

Bipolar Disorder Also known as manic-depressive illness Person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania. Manic episodes involve feelings of high energy (but they tend to differ a lot…some get confident, wildly optimistic, but some get irritable). Engage in risky behavior during the manic episode – due to their inflated sense of well-being/confidence) i.e. impulsive buying sprees, sexual indiscretions Severe cases include psychotic symptoms including delusions (false beliefs) and hallucinations

Bipolar I and Bipolar II Main Difference: Matter of Severity Bipolar I – Manic Episodes Mood that is over the top, or extremely irritable Experiences major depressive episodes Mayexperience psychosis (thoughts/emotions so impaired can experience a loss of reality) Life seriously disrupted by symptoms/may need hospitalization Bipolar II – Hypomanic Episodes Mild form of mania marked by elevated mood, elation, irritability, hyperactivity, racing thoughts, decreased need for sleep May experience major depressive episodes Not as serious, no psychotic symptoms

Cyclothymia (sy-kloe-THIE-me-uh) A rare mood disorder causing emotional ups and downs. Not as extreme as Bipolar I or Bipolar II You may feel on top of the world for a time, followed by a low period when you feel somewhat down (between the highs and lows you may feel stable and fine) It’s still critical to get treated for this – may interfere with your ability to function and increase your risk of Bipolar I or Bipolar II

Famous People with Bipolar

Bipolar Brain Norepinephrine – Increases arousal and boosts mood

Dissociative Disorders Disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts and feelings.

Psychogenic / Dissociative Amnesia A person cannot remember things with no physiological basis for the disruption in memory. Retrograde Amnesia NOT organic amnesia. Organic amnesia can be retrograde or anterograde.

Dissociative Amnesia Localized amnesia is present in an individual who has no memory of specific events that took place, usually traumatic. The loss of memory is localized with a specific window of time. For example, a survivor of a car wreck who has no memory of the experience until two days later is experiencing localized amnesia. Selective amnesia happens when a person can recall only small parts of events that took place in a defined period of time. For example, an abuse victim may recall only some parts of the series of events around the abuse. Generalized amnesia is diagnosed when a person's amnesia encompasses his or her entire life. Systematized amnesia is characterized by a loss of memory for a specific category of information. A person with this disorder might, for example, be missing all memories about one specific family member.

Dissociative Fugue Now just referred to as “Dissociative Amnesia” An individual with dissociative fugue suddenly and unexpectedly takes physical leave of his or her surroundings and sets off on a journey of some kind These journeys can last hours, or even several days or months

Dissociative Fugue Individuals experiencing a dissociative fugue have traveled over thousands of miles An individual in a fugue state is unaware of or confused about his identity, and in some cases will assume a new identity (although this is the exception)

Depersonalization Disorder is marked by a feeling of detachment or distance from one's own experience, body, or self. One can easily relate to feeling as they in a dream, or being "spaced out." A person's experience with depersonalization can be so severe that he or she believes the external world is unreal or distorted.

Dissociative Identity Disorder A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities Called “alters”) Use to be known as Multiple Personality Disorder People with DID commonly have a history of childhood abuse or trauma.

Schizophrenic Disorders About 1 in every 100 people are diagnosed with schizophrenia. Symptoms of Schizophrenia 1.Disorganized thinking. 2.Disturbed Perceptions 3.Inappropriate Emotions and Actions

Disorganized ThinkingDisorganized Thinking The thinking of a person with Schizophrenia is fragmented and bizarre and distorted with false beliefs Disorganized thinking comes from a breakdown in selective attention.- they cannot filter out information Often causes………

Delusions (false beliefs) Delusions of Persecution Delusions of Grandeur

Disturbed Perceptions hallucinations- sensory experiences without sensory stimulation

Inappropriate Emotions and Actions Laugh at inappropriate times Flat Effect Senseless, compulsive acts Catatonia- motionless Waxy Flexibility

Positive v. Negative Symptoms Positive Symptoms Presence of inappropriate symptoms Negative Symptoms Absence of appropriate ones

Paranoid Schizophrenia preoccupation with delusions or hallucinations Somebody is out to get me!!!!

Disorganized Schizophrenia disorganized speech or behavior, or flat or inappropriate emotion

Catatonic Schizophrenia parrot like repeating of another’s speech and movements