Ch 30 – The Western Renaissance (‘45-’68). Outlook for Post WWII Bleak on both sides of the iron curtain – Economic conditions were the worst in generations.

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Presentation transcript:

Ch 30 – The Western Renaissance (‘45-’68)

Outlook for Post WWII Bleak on both sides of the iron curtain – Economic conditions were the worst in generations Black market and inflation – Fear of post-war recession/depression in the US – European empires were falling apart in Africa/Asia

Terrible Economic Conditions Especially in Germany – Territorial changes Germans forced to move – Russian “reparations” both added problems (even in West Germany) August 1948, German children deported from the eastern areas of Germany taken over by Poland arrive in West Germany.

Desperate Times Call for Desperate Measures New groups with new ideas come forward – Progressive & revitalized Catholics form the Christian Democrats (political party) Common Christian & European heritage Reject authoritarianism Faith in democracy & cooperation

Christian Democrats in Europe ITALY – Christian Democrat Alcide de Gasperi Anti-fascist, new economics, democratic ideals FRANCE – Charles de Gaulle Catholics take over the 4 th Republic Free democratic society FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY (W. Ger.) – Konrad Adenauer Anti-Nazi, democratic values Socialist/Communists become active – Welfare measures: health insurance/public housing Gasperi de Gaulle Adenauer election poster

Great Britain Changes… Socialist ideas were popular even in Britain – Churchill and wartime conservative leadership was replaced with the progressive Socialist Labour Party Churchill during Battle of Britain Potsdam big three Clement Attlee leader of the Labour Party), Truman, & Stalin.

U.S. Supplies Help Leadership & economic assistance – Marshall Plan Economic aid for recovery – Korean War helps? Actually helps generate activity and military need – NATO Military protection

Europe Starts to Think “Together” Common Market – Jean Monnet/Robert Schuman (French) create Coal & Steel Union w/no tariffs – Treaty of Rome (‘57) 6 nations sign European Economic Community Goals: 1) reduce tariffs 2) free movement of capital/labor GREAT SUCCESS! EEC Flag

France Becomes Jerks Colonial Algerian issues bring back de Gaulle – 5 th Republic – States America is the main threat – w/draws troops from all NATO countries

Decolonization Post-WWII Asian & African people want: – Self-determination – Racial equality – Personal dignity Europe was broken and couldn’t stop this – Rebuild home first Japan had ended their power in WWII

India Led the Way India, behind Mohandas Gandhi, demand freedom – 1947= British partition of India India (Hindu) Pakistan (Muslim), both East and West Pakistan Shows multiple other countries it is possible

Let Them All Be Free France loses (they don’t want to give up): – Syria (‘44), Lebanon (‘44), Algeria (‘62) British loses: – India (‘47), Palestine (‘47) Egypt does not like Israel – Gamal Abdel Nasser ousts pro-Western King (‘52) – Nationalizes Suez Canal (‘56) Causes war

Neocolonialism Becomes the Idea System to perpetuate Western economic domination Undermine the promise of political independence – Trading privileges – Investments in education (western education)