Chapter 5 Light vehicle engine systems © Pearson Education Ltd Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 1 Chapter 5 Light vehicle engine systems

© Pearson Education Ltd Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 2 Light vehicle engine components 1 Block portionMachined surface Crankshaft upper bearing Sump mounting Crankcase portion Cylinder Coolant passages Exhaust valve port Inlet valve port Machined surface

Chapter 5 Light vehicle engine systems © Pearson Education Ltd Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 3 Light vehicle engine components 2

Chapter 5 Light vehicle engine systems © Pearson Education Ltd Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 4 Valve train mechanisms Overhead valve (OHV)Overhead camshaft (OHC) Rocker arm Push rod Valve lifter Camshaft Valve lifter Valve

Chapter 5 Light vehicle engine systems © Pearson Education Ltd Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 5 Four-stroke cycle – petrol InductionCompressionPowerExhaust

Chapter 5 Light vehicle engine systems © Pearson Education Ltd Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 6 Firing orders

Chapter 5 Light vehicle engine systems © Pearson Education Ltd Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 7 Engine cylinder key terms 1 SquishSwept volume Spark plug Combustion chamber Squish gap Head Head gasket Piston Barrel Con rod Bore TDC BDC Swept volume Bore Swept volume Stroke

Chapter 5 Light vehicle engine systems © Pearson Education Ltd Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 8 Engine cylinder key terms 2 Compression ratio Clearance volume Swept volume TDC BDC Compression ratio = Swept volume Clearance volume + 1

Chapter 5 Light vehicle engine systems © Pearson Education Ltd Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 9 Air cooling Engine cooling fins

Chapter 5 Light vehicle engine systems © Pearson Education Ltd Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 10 Thermosiphon

Chapter 5 Light vehicle engine systems © Pearson Education Ltd Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 11 Liquid cooling system components 1 Radiator pressure cap Thermostat Pressure valve Vacuum valve

Chapter 5 Light vehicle engine systems © Pearson Education Ltd Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 12 Liquid cooling system components 2 Expansion bottle Reserve tankRadiator

Chapter 5 Light vehicle engine systems © Pearson Education Ltd Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 13 Water pump Drive pulley Leak bore Seal Impeller Water pump housing Bearings Main shaft

Chapter 5 Light vehicle engine systems © Pearson Education Ltd Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 14 Hydrodynamic lubrication Types of lubrication Boundary lubrication Oil inlet Oil wedge Rotating shaft

Chapter 5 Light vehicle engine systems © Pearson Education Ltd Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 15 Driver rotor Driven rotor Outlet Inlet Lubrication components – oil pumps 1 Crescent pumpGear rotor pump Outlet Driver gear Inlet Driven gear

Chapter 5 Light vehicle engine systems © Pearson Education Ltd Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 16 Lubrication components – oil pumps 2 Gear pumpVane pump Outlet Idler gear Driven gear Inlet Outlet Inlet Rotor vanes

Chapter 5 Light vehicle engine systems © Pearson Education Ltd Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 17 Oil filtration and pressure control Oil filters

Chapter 5 Light vehicle engine systems © Pearson Education Ltd Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 18 Oil filtration and pressure control Oil pressure relief valve To oil filter Relief valve To oil filter From oil pump To sump

Chapter 5 Light vehicle engine systems © Pearson Education Ltd Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 19 Spark plugs 1 Construction Dimensions Reach Spark Gap Thread diameter Terminal Ribbed insulator Shell Conductive seal Earth electrode Gasket Centre electrode

Chapter 5 Light vehicle engine systems © Pearson Education Ltd Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 20 ColdHot Spark plugs 2 ElectrodesHeat range Electrode shape discharge performance GoodPoor

Chapter 5 Light vehicle engine systems © Pearson Education Ltd Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 21 Ignition systems 1 Ignition coil Secondary terminal Primary windings Secondary windings Iron core – terminal + terminal Casing

Chapter 5 Light vehicle engine systems © Pearson Education Ltd Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 22 Ignition systems 2 Conventional ignition system Distributor cap Rotor arm Distributor High tension circuit Low tension circuit Rotor arm Switch BatteryEarth circuitPlug terminals Condenser Distributor

Chapter 5 Light vehicle engine systems © Pearson Education Ltd Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 23 Carburation 1 Simple carburettor The relationship between air speed and pressure Air Air cleaner Fuel Float valve Float arm Float chamber Float Jet Throttle valve Venturi Choke valve Less pressure down More pressure up Wing Faster air Slower air

Chapter 5 Light vehicle engine systems © Pearson Education Ltd Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 24 Carburation 2 Air flow Throat Venturi effect Air volume control

Chapter 5 Light vehicle engine systems © Pearson Education Ltd Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 25 Electronic control unit Injector Butterfly Inlet valve Fuel injection layouts Multi point fuel injectionSingle point fuel injection Electronic control unit Injector Butterfly Inlet valve Air Fuel

Chapter 5 Light vehicle engine systems © Pearson Education Ltd Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 26 Emission control 1 EGR lift valve Catalyst honeycomb Steel shell Reduction converter Oxidisation converter Outlet Catalytic converter EGR

Chapter 5 Light vehicle engine systems © Pearson Education Ltd Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 27 Emission control 2 Heater control circuit Sensor signal circuit Ambient air reference Exhaust stream Heater Zirconia electrolyte Platinum electrodes Oxygen/lambda sensor