Cardiovascular Health

KEY FEATURES KEY FEATURES Cardiovascular health refers to the health of the heart and blood vessels Diseases involving the heart and blood vessels including coronary heart disease (heart attack), stroke, hypertension, peripheral vascular disease

KEY FEATURES KEY FEATURES Stroke - occurs when supply of blood to brain is temporarily restricted and brain tissue is damaged Coronary heart disease - occurs when the arteries that supply blood and oxygen to your heart muscle become clogged with fatty material called ‘plaque’ (arthrosclerosis) Hypertension – High blood pressure means that your blood is pumping with more force than normal through your arteries. Peripheral vascular disease – affects the extremities particularly the legs and feet

 Contributes significantly to the Burden of Disease in Australian.  Second leading contributor to total DALYs. Leading cause of premature death. Contributes significantly to YLL

DIRECT COSTSINDIRECT COSTSINTANGIBLE COSTS IndividualCommunityIndividualCommunityIndividualCommunity ●Cost of bypass surgery to overcome blocked arteries ●Ambulance costs in case of a heart attack ●cost of medication to lower blood pressure ●rehabilitation after heart attack ●Cost of treatment paid through Medicare and cost of public hospital for treatment for someone who has CVD ●Cost of medication paid through the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) ●Cost to the government and private organisations of health promotion programs. EG Heart Foundation “Tick” program ●Cost of a carer for someone who has suffered a heart attack or stroke and is unable to work - transport, shopping, cleaning, washing, cooking ●Loss of income as a person cannot work because of their heart attack or stroke ●The cost of social security payments through Centrelink for someone who cannot work or is disabled because of heart attack or stroke ●Loss of taxation revenue by the government because of person is unable to work and not pay taxes ●Loss of productivity by the person who cannot work or a person who has to give up work to care for the person ●Person may experience a range of emotions – sadness, anger, frustration, fear, despair. ●loss of confidence and independence because of injury Family and friends experience loss and sadness because of the person around them who has suffered a heart attack or stroke

BIOLOGICAL determinants of health that act as risk factors

BEHAVIOURAL determinants of health that act as risk factors

SOCIAL determinants of health that act as risk factors

THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT as a risk factor

One N “Tick Program” OThe Heart Foundation F  Influence the nutritional content and labelling of foods by encouraging producers to meet strict standards enforced by Heart Foundation  After applying for the Tick and passing strict food and labelling testing, producers pay a fee to bear the Tick logo on their product  The Tick program guides Australians in their food choices  Individuals to easily identify healthier food options quickly and easily when compare to similar foods.  EG a meat pie with the “Tick” will have lower saturated and trans fats and sodium than other pies. Swapping a Big Mac meal for a “Tick” approved lean beef burger slashes 70% of saturated fat, half the Kj and third of salt OTo reduce the effects of heart disease – stroke and disease of blood vessels

One N “Tick Program” OThe Heart Foundation F The Tick Program guides Australians to improve their food choices. Manufacturers must meet strict standards enforced by the Heart Foundation to show the Tick logo on their products. The tick enables individuals to easily identify healthy food options quickly and easily when compare to similar foods. For example: a meat pie with the tick logo will have less fat and salt compared to another meat pie O