Election of 1800 Thomas Jefferson vs. John Adams Democratic Federalist Republican “Revolution of 1800” Peaceful transfer of power from one political party to another

Democratic-RepublicansFederalists Leaders People that supported them Who should hold power? Interpretation of Constitution Foreign Policy Alliances, Jay’s Treaty Economy What should it be based on, Bank, Taxes/tariffs Protection of Rights Thomas Jefferson Alexander Hamilton, John Adams Southerners, small farmers, Laborers, poor Northerners, Bankers, Merchants, Wealthy Federal Government-weak State power- strong Federal government-Strong State power- weak Strict Construction Loose Construction French Alliance and opposed Jay’s Treaty British Alliance and supported Jay’s Treaty Agriculture, opposed taxes, tariffs and Creation of bank manufacturing, trade and agriculture. Supported taxes, tariffs and the creation of a bank protection of individual rights was most important rights could be limited in certain situations

Loose vs. Strict Construction Loose Construction- gov’t can make laws not written in the Constitution. = Increased Power Strict Construction- gov’t can only can only do what is written in the Constitution = Decreased Power

ELECTION OF 1800 ELECTORAL COLLEGE Votes

Aaron Burr Meant to be Jefferson Vice- President Election is a tie Election decided by the House of Reps. Jefferson wins Result 12 th Amendment Electoral College has TWO votes One vote for President One vote for Vice President Election of 1800

Thomas Jefferson Born: April 13, July 4, 1826 Years in office: Number of President: 3 rd Political Party: Democratic- Republicans Vice President(S): Aaron Burr/George Clinton Significant positions held: Secretary of State, Vice President, Wrote Declaration of Independence

US purchases Louisiana Purchase from France for $15 Million

Louisiana Purchase Haiti

Haitian Revolution

Jefferson’s Dilemma Does the Constitution grant the President to power to purchase Land? Doesn’t say anything

Jefferson’s Dilemma Democratic- Republican Believed in a weak central government believed in strict construction of the Constitution (the President only had the powers listed in the Constitution)

Loose vs. Strict Construction Loose Construction- gov’t can make laws not written in the Constitution. = Increased Power Strict Construction- gov’t can only can only do what is written in the Constitution = Decreased Power

Jefferson’s Dilemma If Jefferson was true to his beliefs he has no Constitutional power to purchase land Jefferson turned to loose construction

Louisiana Purchase Sold for 15 million Doubles the Size of US Gain control of Mississippi River and New Orleans which was important for trade

Marbury v. Madison (1803) Supreme Court Case Chief Justice John Marshall (Federalist) Established Judicial Review –Power of the Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional JUDICIAL REVIEW COMES FROM THIS COURT CASE. IT IS NOT FOUND IN THE CONSTITUTION

Embargo Act Problem: France and Britain seizing U.S. ships. Impressment of sailorsResponse: No trade with foreign countries Reasons for the success or failure of Jefferson's response: Failure. American farmers and merchants lose money. Economy goes into recession. Does avoid war

Barbary Wars Pirates from North African countries capture ships in the Mediterranean Demand payments to leave ships alone Navy is sent to protect ships Undeclared war

Barbary Coast (the shores of Tripoli) “From the Halls of Montezuma to the shores of Tripoli, we will fight our country’s battles on the land and on the sea.” –The Marines Hymn Jefferson sent a navy to the “the shores of Tripoli” to intimidate the pirate- sponsoring “Barbary States ” Africa North America Barbary Coast (Shores of Tripoli)