KAYDE SHAMROCK JOSE RODRIGUEZ NATHAN HINMAN JULIA WATSON Chapter 5– Identity: Race, Ethnicity, Gender, and Sexuality

Gender Gender- Cultures assumptions about the differences between men and woman, the roles they play in society and what they represent. Example: A man and a woman ges/search?q=gender+sym bols&form=QBIL&qs=n#

Identity Identity- The way we as people interpret and make sense of ourselves. Example: Stereotypes PGothKids6.jpg movies.com/image- files/edward-cullen-twilight.gif

Identity continued We define our own identities through experiences, emotions, connections, and rejections Identities are constantly changing Not only do we define ourselves, but we define others and they define us Many geographers see as identities as fluid and changing

Identifying Against Identifying Against- The way people define others first then define themselves as not “others.” Ex: Europeans describing Americans and savages. web.net/rrclubs/st ateselector_map/ USmap.gif p4.fotolia.com/jpg/00/14/6 6/51/400_F_ _tHD qjJQ19Ntut3MN5G8gIyGzV KKznZxW.jpg

Race Race- A constructed identity, based on skin color and other physical characteristics. Example: African American and Hispanic. nt-Races-Are-Genetically-Prone-to- Different-Diseases shtml

Race continued Does not exist on a scientific level, despite influence of the idea. Biological variation is real; the order we impose on this variation by using the concept of race is not. Race is a product of the human mind, not of nature. Based on a three category system developed in Europe in the 18th century: Caucasians, mongoloids, and blacks. The truth is that there is very little fundamental genetic variety between humans and no way to tell where one category stops and another begins. Race is literally skin deep. There has not been enough time for much genetic variation. We do not have distinct “races” or “subspecies.” For example, in Britain, the term “black” means Afro-Caribbeans, Africans, and those from the Indian subcontinent.

RankState Number Selecting Race of Black/African American Alone Total Population Percent Selecting Race of Black/ African American Alone 1District of Columbia 343,213572, % 2Mississippi1,033,4372,844, % 3Louisiana1,444,5664,468, % 4South Carolina1,182,7274,012, % 5Georgia2,342,1108,186, % 6Maryland1,468,2435,296, % 7Alabama1,153,0444,447, % 8North Carolina1,734,1548,049, % 9Virginia1,384,0087,078, % 10Delaware148,823783, % 11Tennessee929,8645,689, % 12New York2,986,24218,976, % 13Arkansas417,8812,673, % PERCENT BLACK/AFRICAN AMERICAN RANKING, 2000 States Ranked by Percent of Population Selecting Race of Black/African American Alone Censusscope.org

14Illinois1,864,61912,419, % 15Florida2,312,10515,982, % 16Michigan1,401,7239,938, % 17New Jersey1,127,2668,414, % 18Texas2,385,55420,851, % 19Ohio1,288,35911,353, % 20Missouri622,0875,595, % 21Pennsylvania1,211,66912,281, % 22Connecticut305,9023,405, % 23Indiana504,4496,080, % 24Oklahoma258,5323,450, % 25Kentucky293,9154,041, % 26Nevada132,4901,998, % 27California2,219,19033,871, % 28Kansas150,5842,688, % 29Wisconsin300,3555,363, % 30Massachusetts337,1576,349, % 31Rhode Island45,2361,048, %

32Nebraska67,4351,711, % 33Colorado159,2794,301, % 34Alaska21,968626, % 35Minnesota167,8574,919, % 36Washington185,0525,894, % 37West Virginia55,9991,808, % 38Arizona154,3165,130, % 39Iowa59,7582,926, % 40New Mexico33,5131,819, % 41Hawaii20,9451,211, % 42Oregon53,0323,421, % 43New Hampshire8,9841,235, % 44Utah16,1502,233, % 45Wyoming3,126493, % 46South Dakota4,518754, % 47North Dakota3,673642, % 48Vermont2,981608, % 49Maine6,0471,274, % 50Idaho5,2441,293, % 51Montana2,359902, %

Racism Racism- The way people act towards each other because of physical differences in individuals. It is said that differences in socio-economic classes fueled the concept of superiority attached to race, which became known as racism Example: KKK dpress.com/2007/04/racis m.jpg

Residential Segregation Residential Segregation- When two or more groups live separately from one another in different parts of an urban environment. Example: Bloods and Crypts. om/topics/1997/ap_blood s828_t.jpg e/index.htm

Jim Crow Laws Anti-African-American legislation passed in southern states after the Civil War Named after a song from the 19 th century that stereotyped African-Americans Concerned laws about attendance in public schools and the use of facilities such as restaurants, theaters, hotels, cinemas, public baths, trains, busses, and even the sanctioning of a marriage between two races

Residential Segregation cont. Often times, residential segregation can be seen in areas such as “China Town” and “Little Italy”  Areas such as New York and San Francisco have areas such as these Mexicali  The State of Baja California, an area of Mexico, has the capital of Mexicali.  One of the largest Mexican Chinatowns is located there  Established the China Association to help keep up the cultural tradition and cultural life

Map of the Chinatown of Mexicali, Mexico

Measures of Segregation Overrepresented in some areas and underrepresented in others, varying in their evenness Minority exposure to majority members is limited by virtue of rarely sharing a neighborhood with them Spatially concentrated within a small area Spatially centralized and occupying a more central location than the majority Tightly clustered to form one large contiguous enclave Example: Most residentially segregated area for American Indians and Alaska Natives is Phoenix, AZ, and the least is Oklahoma City.

White-Hispanic Segregation cope.org/us/map_s egregation_hispanic.html

White-African American Segregation ope.org/us/map_segr egation_black.html

Racial Composition of Orlando, Florida xposure.html

Invasion and Succession Invasion and Succession- When a new group of immigrants moves into a territory previously populated by an older group of immigrants. Example: Mexicans into America es/us-flag.gif

s/SbfTNWMrAfI/AAAAAAAAAeo/3Sj8Jb U01gM/s400/US+immigration+map.bmp

Forced Migrations after World War Two

Sense of Place Sense of Place- State of mind when a place looks familiar because of the meaning and remembering of important events that occurred in that place. Example: The attacks on September 11 cinema.com/british/WorldTradeCenter_B PS.jpg

Ethnicity Ethnicity- Identity within a group of people bound by common ancestry and culture. Example: Native Americans. chart_race.html

Ethnicity continued Identity with a group of people who share the cultural traditions of a particular homeland or hearth.  customs, cultural characteristics, language, common history, homeland, etc... A socially created system of rules  about who belongs and who does not belong to a particular group based on actual or perceived commonality of origin, race, culture.  This notion is clearly tied to place.

Ethnic Groups in Russia

Space Space- Social relations stretched out between people. Example: Work environment images/cubical.gif

Place Place- The coming together of social relations over time in a particular location. Example: A city such as Eusits maps.google.com

Gendered Gendered- A place that is designed for men or for women. Example: Public restrooms es/adaRestroomMW_LG.jpg

Queer Theory Queer Theory- Describes the contextual nature of disagreement of differences in people and instead concentrates on the political engagement of “queers.” Example: Voting jpg

Dowry Deaths Dowry Deaths- In India, disputes over the price to be paid by the family of the bride to the father of the groom, that sometimes lead to the death of the bride. (Nisha Sharma, pg 143). sharma0515.jpg

Barrioization Barrioization- The dramatic increase in Hispanic population in a given neighborhood. Example: Miami, FL Miami-Beach.jpg