Gilded Age Cities Chapter 25. Characteristics of Urbanization During the Gilded Age 1.Megalopolis. 2.Mass Transit. 3.Magnet for economic and social opportunities.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Urbanization As Seen Through Late 19c - Early 20c Architecture.
Advertisements

By: Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY.
CAUSES -B-British ideas for machines spread to the U.S. -D-Due to the War of 1812, the U.S. was forced to manufacture its own goods. -T-The steam engine.
Reasons for Increased Immigration
Characteristics of Urbanization During the Gilded Age 1.Megalopolis 2.Mass Transit 3.Magnet for economic and social opportunities 4.Pronounced class distinctions.
Life at the turn of the 20th Century. Immigration.
Issues of the Gilded Age
Chapter 17 Challenges of the Cities Immigration: Push & Pull Factors Push Factors: Scarce Land Farm jobs lost to machines Political and religious persecution.
1 10 pt 15 pt 20 pt 25 pt 5 pt 10 pt 15 pt 20 pt 25 pt 5 pt 10 pt 15 pt 20 pt 25 pt 5 pt 10 pt 15 pt 20 pt 25 pt 5 pt 10 pt 15 pt 20 pt 25 pt 5 pt Economic.
Urbanization: Gilded Age Urbanization ■From 1870 to 1900, American cities grew 700% due to new job opportunities in factories: –European, Latin.
Immigration and Progressive Era Study Guide
What were the causes and effects of the growth of cities?
Warm-up 10/8/2011 Is there any reason you would have to leave the United States over? Think about the perspective of an immigrant why could they possibly.
The Progressive Era part 2 Describe the influence of women and minorities on the reforms of the Progressive Era/Describe the goals of leaders and groups.
Beginnings of the Progressive Era. America in 1900 Industrialization, urbanization, and immigration had changed America by 1900 These factors had turned.
Immigration and Modern Urban Growth
Section 3 Life at the Turn of the Twentieth Century
By: Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY.
Why did they come? For Europeans -fleeing religious persecution Jews of Eastern Europe For the Chinese and Mexicans -political unrest - Job opportunities.
A. Immigration of the Gilded Age “New Immigrants” Immigrants coming from new countries –Italy –Russia –Austro-Hungarian Empire Very different religions.
U.S. History Chapter 15 Section 2 Essential Question: What were the experiences of immigrants in the late 1800s & early 1900s ?
Urbanization Immigration, job opportunity and a population explosion led to massive post-Civil War urbanization. By 1890 NYC, Philadelphia and Chicago.
Characteristics of Urbanization During the Gilded Age 1.Megalopolis 2.Mass Transit 3.Economic and social opportunities 4.Pronounced class distinctions.
Urban America Chapter 10 Notes. The Impact Today Industrialization and Urbanization permanently influenced American life. Industrialization and Urbanization.
Girls. Quick Recap Gov/Econ Issues: political/corporate corruption Social Issues: temperance, poverty, civil rights Captains vs. Labor Unions Urbanization:
America Moves to the City Immigrants and Others Decide to Urbanize.
Immigration to Urbanization
5 minutes to complete American Spirit P Study the four different interpretations of the Statue of Liberty. Briefly explain which is the most accurate.
Chapter 19 TOWARD AN URBAN SOCIETY, 1877–1900. Urban and Rural Population, 1870–1900 (in millions)
What is “New Immigration?”  What is it?  Immigrants that came from Southern and Eastern Europe  Specific countries?  Poland, Italy, Greece, Hungary,
By: Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY *Immigration info. added by Mr. Swearngin By: Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY *Immigration.
UNIT 7: INDUSTRIALIZATION, REFORM AND IMPERIALISM NOTES 2.
The Challenges of Urbanization. THE STORY TO DATE…
The United States entered the Progressive Era from 1880 to 1920 when a variety of reformers tried to clean up problems created during the Gilded Age Industrialization.
Characteristics of Urbanization During the Gilded Age 1.Megalopolis. 2.Mass Transit. 3.Magnet for economic and social opportunities. 4.Pronounced class.
Characteristics of Urbanization During the Gilded Age 1.Megalopolis. 2.Mass Transit. 3.Magnet for economic and social opportunities. 4.Pronounced class.
President Wilson and the New Freedom Pres. Roosevelt wanted to regulate (set rules) on business, President Wilson wanted to break up monopolies SS Standard.
Life at the Turn of the 20 th Century Immigration Political Scandal & Reform Discrimination.
By: Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY.
Characteristics of Urbanization During the Gilded Age 1.Megalopolis. 2.Mass Transit. 3.Magnet for economic and social opportunities. 4.Pronounced class.
Chapter 26.1 With help from Ms. Susan Pojer Urbanization and Immigration.
The United States entered the Progressive Era from 1880 to 1920 when a variety of reformers tried to clean up problems created during the Gilded Age Industrialization.
11/12 Bellringer 5+ sentences Write about something you’d like to change. It could be a law, something at school, a parental rule, etc. How is it now?
Do Now 9-13 Why did immigrants want to come to America? What were the 2 check in points? How were they treated? What is mass transit? How did this impact.
IMMIGRATION AND URBANIZATION CHANGES IN AMERICA. A FLOOD OF IMMIGRANTS Old Immigrants Before 1865, people who came to America, excluding African Americans,
The Progressive Era.
Module 4 - immigration & urbanization
What problems existed in the Gilded Age?
Immigration Business and industrialization centered on cities.
Social Issues at the turn of the century
Video Questions How did Booker T. Washington and WEB Dubois differ in their approach to civil rights? What organizations did they form? Who was Jane Addams?
Gilded Age: Urbanization
Business, Immigrants and Politics
The Progressive Movement
APUSH Review: “New” Immigration
Chinese immigrants helped to
Immigration and Urbanization
Defend or Refute this statement
The Lure of the City : Cities more numerous, larger in size
Urbanization As Seen Through Late 19c - Early 20c Architecture.
APUSH Review: Period 6 ( ) In 10 Minutes!
The Industrial Workers
THE GILDED AGE: Immigration and Urbanization VISUAL VOCABULARY
USII.4b and USII.4d-e Immigration & Growth of Cities; Inventions, Big Business, & Industry; Progressive Movement.
APUSH Review: Period 6 ( ) In 10 Minutes!
The New Immigrants.
Immigration and urbanization
Learning Objectives WXT 1.0 Explain how different labor systems developed in North America and the United States, and explain their effects on workers’
Immigration in the Gilded Age
Results of the Gilded Age and Industrialization
Presentation transcript:

Gilded Age Cities Chapter 25

Characteristics of Urbanization During the Gilded Age 1.Megalopolis. 2.Mass Transit. 3.Magnet for economic and social opportunities. 4.Pronounced class distinctions. - Inner & outer core 5.New frontier of opportunity for women. 6.Squalid living conditions for many. 7.Political machines. 8.Ethnic neighborhoods.

Urban Expansion Factories moving to cities which spurred industrial growth, innovations, etc. U.S. population in 1900 = 40 million Urban population tripled Agricultural innovations forced thousands of farmers into the cities Glitter of cities attracted thousands

Urban Growth:

W. Le Baron Jenney: Central Y.M.C.A., Chicago, 1891

Louis Sullivan: Bayard Bldg., NYC, 1897

Frank Lloyd Wright: Hollyhock House [Los Angeles], 1917

Woolworth Bldg. NYC

Grand Central Station, 1913

John A. Roebling: The Brooklyn Bridge, 1883

“New Immigration” ( ) 15 million immigrants came to U.S. 75% moved to Northeast Growing number from Southern and Eastern Europe (Italy, Poland, Russia, Austria- Hungary, Greece, Turkey, Syria) etc. Made up 40% of immigrants during this era –60% were still “Old Immigrants” (Western European countries such as Britian, Germany, Ireland)

Asians and Latin Americans Many worked on railroads Performed hardest and dirtiest work By 1880, 15,000 Asian immigrants in U.S. 9% of California’s population Asians: usually stayed West Latin Americans: moved to Southwest

Nativism “Old Immigrant”, Asian and Latin American immigrants faced nativism –Job Competition –Seen as more “un-American” –Would work for lower wages –Unions were usually anti-immigration –Bosses preyed upon them

Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) Gov’t laws restricting immigration Forbade the immigration of Chinese for a number of years 1898: U.S. v. Wong Kim Ark: Supreme Court ruled 14th Amendment guaranteed citizenship to all persons born in U.S. giving protection to Chinese Americans.

City Pattern Center: Poorest areas (ghetto, slums) –Was previously middle class –Usually near industry –Unsanitary Working class, middle class and rich made rings around center of cities –Transportation innovations (streetcars, trolleys, subways) allowed wealthier to move out of city Neighborhoods usually segregated by race, ethnicity

“Dumbell“ Tenement

“ Dumbell“ Tenement, NYC

Jacob Riis: How the Other Half Lived (1890)

Tenement Slum Living

Lodgers Huddled Together

Tenement Slum Living

Struggling Immigrant Families

Mulberry Street – “Little Italy”

Urban Reform Inspired by: –Poverty –Immigration –Corruption in Government (Party Bosses) –Corruption in Big Business

Jane Addams Settlement house movement Hull House (1889) Use religious ideas to deal with poverty, social ills Primary focus: immigrant families and women

Social Gospel Movement Church membership increased dramatically Social betterment tied to salvation Charles Sheldon (1897)- “What Would Jesus Do”

Impact on City Government Rapid urban growth taxed ability of local governments to provide services Bossism fueled –Filled void left by fleeing native born groups –Gave jobs, favors to poor and immigrants for votes –Positive: Did help poor and cities –Negative: corruption and offended middle class

Other programs in cities Americanize immigrants in public schools Prohibition movement

Life of Middle Class Improvements in industry raised the standard of living for many Able to purchase more consumer goods

New Freedoms for Women Image of ideal woman: Gibson Girl Several states granted women property rights Increases in athletic activity Now organizations and charities 1900: 20% of college grads

Women Continued Job opportunities still usually limited to social services, nursing, teaching Comstock Law (1873): access to birth control information was illegal Some economic freedom allowed for “new morality”

Women’s Suffrage Movement Supported by middle class so they could negate power of immigrant men –Also take power from corrupt Party Bosses Movement picks up steam after Civil War –Only Wyoming Territory granted full political equality to women by 1890

NAWSA Formation of National American Woman Suffrage Assoc. (NAWSA) by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony in 1890 Need vote to protect women

Male (and Female) Mobility Improved industry meant new careers demanding education Number of public high schools –160 in 1870 –6000 in 1900 Graduation from college –53,000 in 1870 –101,000 in 1900

Professionalism Increased need for lawyers, bankers, architects, insurance agents, managers Protestant Work Ethic –Horatio Alger

Working Class Hierarchy Ethnicity could influence your job –Native-born protestant whites –Skilled Western European immigrants –“New Immigrants” –African-Americans

Working Class Number of unskilled workers growing and threatening skilled workers Gap between rich and poor growing –Top 10% had 73% of wealth in 1890 –Skilled workers saw wages increase by 50% ( ) but their numbers decline –Unskilled saw wages increase 31% ( )

Women and children in work force Working class children worked –50% of Philadelphia’s children quit school by 14 in 1900 –20% of women in work force Wages in 1900 for factory worker –Skilled woman: $5 a week –Unskilled male: $8 a week

South in Gilded Age Still behind the North Sharecroppers and Tenant Farmers dominate the farms Most railroads in North which hindered industrialization

African-Americans 1900: 44% of non-whites were illiterate Jim Crow Plessy v. Ferguson Post-Reconstruction Redemption

Booker T. Washington Founded Tuskegee Institute Taught black students trades to gaine self- respect and economic security Blacks should work within system and gain resources that would lead to Civil Rights

W.E.B. DuBois Helped found the NAACP “Talented Tenth”