Reported Speech Angie Whisler Destiny Fisihetau Kenta Yamaguchi Praew Rongthong

What is Reported Speech? Reported speech is when you tell somebody else what you or a person said before.

Different Types of Sentences When you use reported speech, you either report: * Statements * Questions * Requests/Commands * Other types

Statements When transforming statements, check whether you have to change: * Pronouns * Tenses (backshift) * Place and time expressions

Pronouns In reported speech, you often have to change the pronoun depending on who says what. Example: She says, “My dad likes roasted chicken.” => She said that her dad liked roasted chicken.

Pronouns Example Sentences Bob: "I work in an office." Bob said that he worked in an office. So Takei: "I like my elephant." So Takei said that he liked his elephant. Susan: "I will have to borrow your pencil." Susan said that she would have to borrow my pencil.

Exercise Susan: "My father is Jamaican." Susan said that __ father was Jamaican. So Takei: I love my pet." So Takei said that __ loved__ pet. Sister Johnson: ”Kenta will bring me a cup of my tea." Sister Johnson said that Kenta would bring __a cup of __tea.

Direct Speech vs. Reported Speech Reported speech with no backshift- Quoting the exact words of the speaker is called “The Direct Speech.” David said, “I am writing a letter.” REPORTED SPEECH with backshift- Reporting of what a speaker said without quoting his exact words is called ‘Indirect Speech.’ David said that he was writing a letter.

DIRECT SPEECHINDIRECT SPEECH PRESENT TENSE PRESENT SIMPLE changes into PAST SIMPLE He said, “I write a letter.” She said, “He goes to school daily.” They said, “We love our country.” He said, “He does not like computer.” He said that he wrote a letter. She said that he went to school daily. They said that they loved their country. He said that he did not like computer.

PRESENT CONTINUOUS changes into PAST CONTINUOUS He said, “He is listening to the music.” She said, “I am washing my clothes.” They said, “We are enjoying the weather.” She said, “I am not laughing.” He said that he was listening to the music. She said that she was washing her clothes. They said that they were enjoying the weather. She said that she was not laughing.

PRESENT PERFECT changes into PAST PERFECT She said, “He has finished his work.” He said, “I have started a job.” I said, “She has eaten the meal.” They said, “We have not gone to New York. She said that he had finished his work. He said that he had started a job. I said that she had eaten the meal. They said that they had not gone to New York.

PAST TENSE PAST SIMPLE changes into PAST PERFECT John said, “They went to cinema.” He said, “I made a table.” She said, “I didn’t buy a car” John said that they had gone to cinema. He said that he had made a table. She said that she had not bought a car.

FUTURE TENSE FUTURE SIMPLE TENSE WILL changes into WOULD He said, “I will study the book.” She said, “I will buy a computer.” I said, “I will not take the exam.” He said that he would study the book. She said that she would buy a computer. I said that I would not take the exam.

Exercise 1. Justin said, "I like this song." → Justin said _____________. 2. "I don't speak Italian," Kelly said. → Kelly said __________________. 3. "The film began at seven o'clock," Josh said. → Josh said ___________________________. 4. Jesse said, “I will buy a Hello Kitty watch.” → Jesse said __________________________. 5. William said, “He had visited a dentist.” → William said ____________________.

Place and Time expressions

Time words He said: "It was hot yesterday." → He said that it had been hot the day before. He said: "We are going to swim tomorrow." → He said they were going to swim the next day.

Here is a list of common time words, showing how you change them for reported speech: Direct Speech Reported speech -Now then, at that time -Today that day, yesterday -Tonight that night, last night -Tomorrow the next day, the following day, today -Yesterday the day before, the previous day -Last night the night before, the previous night

-This week that week, last week -Last month the month before, the previous month -Next year the following year -Two minutes ago two minutes before -In one hour one hour later

Place words He said: "It is cold in here." → He said that it was cold in there. He said: "How much is this book?" → He asked how much the book was.

Here are some common place words, showing how you change them for reported speech: Direct Speech Reported Speech -Here there -This that -This book the book, that book -In this room in the room, in that room

He said, “I visited New York last year.” 1.) He said that… 2.) I -> he 3.) visited New York (Simple Past) -> had visited New York (Past Perfect) 4.) last year -> the previous year 5.) He said that he had visited New York the previous year.

She said: “I saw him today.” 1.) She said that… 2.) I -> she 3.) saw him (Simple Past) -> had seen him (Past Perfect) 4.) today -> that day 5.) She said that she had seen him that day.

Maria said: “I’ll see you tomorrow.” 1.) Maria said that… 2.) I -> she 3.) will see you -> would see me (Future Simple WILL changes into WOULD 4.) tomorrow -> the next day 5.) Maria said that she would see me the next day.

Daniel said: “I met Anna a week ago.” 1.) Daniel said that… 2.) I -> he 3.) met Anna (Simple Past) -> had met Anna (Past Perfect) 4.) a week ago -> a week before 5.) Daniel said that he had met Anna a week before.

Nicky said: “I live here.” 1.) Nicky said that… 2.) I -> she 3.) live (Present Simple) -> lived (Past Simple) 4.) here -> there 5.) Nicky told me that she lived there.

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