Solar Sausage EEL 4911C 11/18/15

Overview Energy Generation Water Pasteurization/Filtration Details ◦ Transparent Mylar (2 Mil) ◦ Reflective Coated Mylar Center ◦ 2 Chambers ◦Top : 0.5 psi ◦Bottom : psi ◦ 2 Air Ports per Chamber Main Focus: ◦ Water Purification

Problem Statements Pressure Regulation ◦ Testing Ongoing Tracking System ◦ Different Methods ◦ Reliability PV Panel/Energy Storage ◦ Battery Water Purification ◦ Process/System

Taiwo Ojo

Risk Assessment Electrocution ◦ Battery ◦ Components Failure to Accomplish Goal ◦ Time ◦ Component Malfunction ◦ Specifications Weather ◦ Testing

Pressure Regulation Inflate/Deflate to specified psi ◦ Top: 0.5 psi Bottom: psi 2 Ports Per Chamber ◦Input/Output Concept ◦Micro-Switches/Bags/Weights Testing Ongoing

Micro-Switches Voltage Rating : 30 V Current Rating : 5 A Differential Travel : 0.002” Pieces Needed : 4

Air Compressor DC 3 ~ 6V Aquarium Air Pump ●Current = 0.37 A ●Output : 6.7 L/min ●Positives ○Small ○Low voltage/amps ○Prevents over Pumping

Brett Thompson

Tracking System: Goals Rotate sausage based on angle of sun to allow for optimal efficiency Check angle of sun periodically at certain intervals Use as little power as possible

Tracking System: Methods Light Sensors on Each Side of Sausage Light Sensors Angled on Post Light Sensors centralized with Metal Plate Divider Tests require similar parts and will be run to determine best method

Tracking System: Method 1 Light Sensors on Each Side of Sausage

Tracking System: Method 3 Light Sensors centralized with Metal Plate Divider

Tracking System: Mechanics Sensors will detect light levels on each side of sausage and determine appropriate angle Calculations will be fed to microcontroller to determine amount motor needs to spin to correct angle Motor will rotate timing pulley which will spin sausage Angle will either be checked real-time or in intervals depending on efficiency and power consumption

Micro controller Beaglebone Black ●Large I/O Pins [over 30 Needed] ●Inexpensive ●Unix based Operating System

Light Sensor Adafruit TSL2561 Digital Light Sensor ● ,000 Lux detection ●6 I/O pins required each Sausage

Stepper Motor NEMA-17 Stepper Motor ● 12 [V] ● 350[mA] ● 200 Steps/Rev ● 4 I/O Pins Required

José Víquez

Solar Panel AllPowers Mini Encapsulated Solar Panel ●Power Output: ~2.5 W ●MPP Voltage: ~5 V ●MPP Current: ~500 mA ●Efficiency: 17% ●Weight: 92g ●Size: 13 cm by 15cm

Solar Panel High Efficiency Polycrystalline Si Cells Already encapsulated Module - Encapsulation process can become relatively expensive Pre-wired and pre-tabbed module - makes it easy to construct different PV arrays to match the needed output

Solar Cell Test Short Circuit Current (I SC ) Measured by setting the potentiometer to min resistance (R→0) Open Circuit Voltage (V OC ) Measured by removing the potentiometer from the circuit (R→∞) By varying the resistance and recording the I-V values an I-V curve of the solar cell/panel can be constructed

I-V Curve Maximum operating point of the cell determined using the I-V curve constructed MPPT System / Charge Control system can be implemented

Solar Panel Array 3 by 2 PV array will be implemented Expected current Output: ~1 A Expected voltage output: ~ 15 V The PV array will feed the battery through a Charge Controller Power all electronics used in the system Store Excess energy produced

Battery ● EXIDE SEALED LEAD ACID - AGM - VRLA BATTERY

Taylor Borders

Water Purification Process ● Pumped from source ● Pasteurized ● Timing/Temperature ● Sensor ● Biosand filtration

FLOJET Series 4406 Voltage: 12v Current: 7A draw Flow rate: 3.8L/min L/min Dimensions:3.9” by 6.3” by 8.3” Port type: ½” Hose or ½” Threaded (both styles included) 2 year warranty Built-in thermal protection Price: $77.10

Micro mini Submersible Motor Water Pump Voltage: 3.5V-6V Current: 180mA-270mA Flow Rate: 1.6L/min - 2.8L/min Life Expectancy: hours of continuous work Dimensions: 43.6mm(height)*26mm(diameter) Low Noise Price: $7.52

¾” Silicone High Temperature Tubing Temp range: -70 C to 250 C Resilient, stretchable, and resistant to compression Resists U.V., ozone, gases, and moisture Price: $6.19/foot

Pipe - SCH 40 Aluminum Pipe 6061 T6 Material: Aluminum Length: 8 ft Inner Diameter: 1.610” Outer Diameter: 1.900” Wall Thickness: 0.145” Water Capacity: 3.2 liters Price: $29.40

Pipe Ins., Melamine Foam Pipe Insulation Wall Thickness: 1” Length: 4ft Temp range: -40 C to 176 C For pipe size: 2” Includes: Factory Laminated 300 Series Jacket " Thick Flexible Polyester Reinforced PVC Jacket with 2" Self Sealing Lap Price: $57.11

SOLKOTE HI / SORB II selective solar coating Reduce reflection from Solar Sausage improve heat absorption coat the pipe underside

DS18B20 Digital Temperature Sensor Voltage: 3V - 5V Pre-wired and waterproofed Up to 125 degrees C 0.5 degree precision No signal degradation Compatible with most microcontrollers using single digital pin Price: $14.95

Plastic Water Solenoid Valve Voltage: 12V Current: 320mA Response time (open): <0.15s Response time (close): <0.3s Actuating life: >50 million cycles Weight: 4.3oz Dimensions: 3” x 2.25” x 2” default closed, applying 12V opens valve

Christopher Ritchie

Filtration System: Biosand Filter Design developed in 1990s at University of Calgary Centre for Affordable Water and Sanitation Technology Over 300,000 units used in developing countries today Cascading Filter Design Built with easily obtainable material Less than 0.4L/minute flow rate Most Important Aspect: Sand & Biolayer

Biosand Filter: Cross-Sectional View External Casing: Concrete or Plastic, Square or Round Reservoir: Holds ~12 Liters of water Diffuser: Catches water, slowly drips to next layer Standing Water: ~5 cm of water (when full), keeps biolayer wet Biolayer: 1-2 cm thick layer of sand, where small microbes live, takes 30 days to form Separation Gravel: Stops sand from blocking outlet tube Drainage Gravel: Stops small gravel from blocking outlet tube, gravel larger than outlet tube circumference

Brandon Phillips

$ Budget Component/ MaterialSystemPrice AllPowers Solar Cell Power Generation $(6.33 x 6) = $38 SR360 Schottky Diode (40 units)$3.55 Battery$36.50 Micro-Switches Pressure Regulation $(8.05 x 4) = $32.20 Air Compressor$(4.72 x 2) = $9.44 Micro-Controller Control Unit $55.00 Stepper Motor Tracking System $14.00 Light Sensor$(5.95 x 2) = $11.90 Temperature Sensor Purification Process $(14.95 x 2) = $29.90 Water Pump$7.52 Water Solenoid Valve $6.95 Pipe Insulation$57.11 Filtration System$50.00 Miscellaneous Piping,wiring, others $180 Total$540.17

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