Water Security in a Changing World USAID Environment Officers Conference February 2016

Objectives 1.What is “water security” 2.Exchange with colleagues 3.Introduce and get your inputs on a new mechanism dealing with water security 4.Discuss a generalized approach to WS 5.Community of practice at USAID?

What do we mean by water security? National security Human security Water resource securitization Spatial scale Temporal scale New synonym for water scarcity Tend to focus on the technical Resilience of the hydrological, ecological, social, and economic systems at a scale that matters to people of a place

Provide reliable water for all human uses Optimize total basin productivity Ensure sustainability of water resources Sustain ecosystem services Availability Ensure equity Reduce conflict Access Reduce exposure, sensitivity, vulnerability to risk Resilience Improve water quality Safe use Water Security

Fig. 3 The number of months per year in which blue water scarcity exceeds 1.0 at 30 × 30 arc min resolution. Mesfin M. Mekonnen, and Arjen Y. Hoekstra Sci Adv 2016;2:e Published by AAAS

70% = proportion of industrial wastes dumped untreated into waterways in developing world 90% = proportion of domestic wastes dumped untreated in developing world 2 million tons of untreated wastes dumped daily into waterways

Global water demand is growing at more than twice the rate of population growth Expansion and efficiency improvement will close only a fraction of this gap. Unless we learn ways to dramatically improve the way we envision and manage water, there will be a growing number of communities that simply run out of water

1)Understand water balance 2)Establish agreed upon cap to water consumption 3)Better sharing of water resources

USAID/Philippines Be Secure

USAID/Peru Water Security

A new water security mechanism Understand better the status and trends of water quantity and quality and environmental flow requirements Develop tools and strengthen capacity to assess and identify risks. Develop the basis for more rational decisions on infrastructure and service provision. Catalyze stakeholder-driven action plans to implement measures, and monitor and adapt to changing conditions Incentivize partnerships and leverage resources. INCREASE RESILIENCE TO WATER SECURITY RISK

Sustainable Water Partnership Assess Action plan Incentivize partnerships Implement water security actions Collaborate, learn, adapt Replicate Bottom-up approach to water security and vulnerability analysis (planners, operators, regulators, investors, civil society)

Assessment Scenarios Implications Action Plan Implement A generalized approach to water security Water Resource Availability Water Resource Use and Demand Environmental Flow Assessment Governance Readiness Identify different supply and demand scenarios Use modelling (or other tools) to develop water balance Identify different supply and demand scenarios Use modelling (or other tools) to develop water balance Environmental Economic Social Create shared vision Develop action plan Create shared vision Develop action plan VA Partnerships & Leveraged Funding StructuralNon-Structural Policy-Legal-InstitutionalSocial & behavioral change Operational

Utilize a range of responses Structural Non-structural Social and behavioral change Policy, legal, regulatory Institutional Operating procedures Economic

The mechanism LWA Cooperative Agreement Consortium of organizations Award this summer Leader Award to stimulate global portfolio E3 will seek partnering missions Up to $50 million for Associate Awards

Next Steps  Water Security webinar (03/01)  Begin dialogue with interested Missions  Water Security for Resilience Training (offerings in Accra & Bangkok)  Community of Practice (?)

Discussion The frog does not drink up the pond in which he lives. American (Lakota) Indian proverb