Communication
Communication defined Internal communication External communication
Training Problem solving Meetings Interviews Appraisals/feedback Presentations ‘Water cooler conversations’ Written Letters Memos Reports Notices Executive Summaries Abstracts Research Proposals Visual Communication Visual Aids/Images Charts/Graphs Sign/Body Language VerbalNon-Verbal
Unofficial Naturally forms Grapevine communication Official Often written Work related Informal CommunicationFormal Communication
Fax Video Conferencing Telephone/Mobile Phone
Personal preference Organizational structure Security issues and concerns Skills and training Ease of use Size of business Storage issues Geographic location Urgency Cost
Technology Failure Language/Accent Jargon Culture Attitude Geographical Location Internal Politics Poor Presentation Skills Negative Body Language ‘Chinese Whispers’ (telephone game) Physiological Barriers
Low morale Errors, reworking, wastage Decreased productivity Lack of control Delayering is a technique to improve speed/accuracy of communication due to reduced layers in the hierarchy. Another trend is the demand for bilingual and multilingual employees in all industries.