PRESENTATION NAME Company Name King Abdul Aziz University – ELI New Headway Plus, Intermediate

Main Idea of the Unit This unit illustrates the following language points: 1.Modal verbs 2.Character adjectives 3.So do I! 4.Neither do I! Main Ideas of the Unit

Spoilt child: irresponsible child Tolerant: allow the existence of opinions or behaviors that one does not necessarily agree with. Hedge: a fence or boundary formed by closely growing bushes. Authorities: a person or organization having political or administrative power and control. Sort out: an act of tidying or organizing things by separating them into categories. Crutch :a long stick with a crosspiece at the top, used as a support under the armpit by a lame person New Vocabulary (P. 70,71)

Answers: 1.? √ 2. ? √ 3. √ ? 4. ? √ 5. √ ? 6. ? √ Grammar Introduction to the use of modal verbs Exercise P. 70

Grammar P.71 Must, might, could + the infinitive in the above sentences mean it is possible that…..

gramma r Spot ( Grammar Spot (P.73)

Modal verbs of probability such as must, might, could, can’t are used to express an opinion of the speaker based on information that the speaker has. Example: He must be at work, it's 10 o'clock. In this case, the speaker is 100 % sure that the person is at work based on the speaker's knowledge that the person in question usually works at during the day., 2010 Modal Verbs of Propability

Structure To express probability by the use of modals, use the following structures: In the present Modal + base form of the verb In the past Modal + have + past participle (Perfect Form) Structure

Structure In the present : Subject Modal Base FormObjects I You He, She We They must be might be could be can't be At work.

Structure (P.) In the past: Subject Modal Perfect FormObjects I You He, She We They must have left might have left could have left can't have left Early. Structure

Must Use 'must' plus the verb when you are 100% (or almost 100%) sure that something is the case. They must be in Spain by now. (Present) She must have done well on the test. (Past) Must

Might Use 'might' or 'may' to express an opinion that you think has a good possibility of being true. She may (might) come this evening. Jack might have gone to France. (Past) Might/May

Use 'could' to express a possibility which is one of many. This form is not as strong as 'might' or 'may'. It is just one of a number of possibilities. Jane could be at work. (present) Peter could have arrived late. (past) Could

Use 'can't' to express an opinion that you are 100% sure is NOT true. You can't be serious! Notice that the past form remains 'can't have done' They can't have worked until late. Can’t

Reading (P.74, 75) Difficult Words Barren land: a land or soil that has no plants growing on it Coarse grasses: having a rough surface that feels slightly hard Silhouette: a dark image, shadow, or shape that you see against a light background Shepherd: someone whose job is to take care of sheep Sack: a large bag made of strong rough cloth or strong paper, used for storing or carrying flour, coal, vegetables etc Acorns: the nut of the oak tree Thrust: to push something somewhere roughly

Difficult Words Wilderness: a large area of land that has never been developed or farmed. Sprouted: if vegetables, seeds, or plants sprout, they start to grow, producingshoots, buds, or leaves spectacle: a very impressive show or scene Nettle: a wild plant with rough leaves that sting you breeze: a gentle wind. Difficult words

Exercise on the vocabulary used in the reading 1.He can’t stop talking about football. He’s completely …… with it. 2.She’s very …... She can be unhappy for no reason. 3.Famous film stars are often asked for their ….. in the street. 4.I had good parents who ….. me up very well. 5.My sister and I aren’t very similar. We don’t have much in ….. At all. 6.Anna’s parents have given her everything she’s ever asked for, so she’s very …... Answers: obsessed-moody-autograph-brought-common-spoilt.

When we want to show that we feel the same way as somebody else we can use patterns like these: – I like tennis - So do I. – I watch the news every day - Yeah, I do too / me too. “So do I” and “I do too” are used with positive verb forms. However, when we have negative verb forms (i.e. forms which contain n't or never), we need to use a different structure to share our feeling: A: I don't like baseball. B: No, me neither / Neither do I / I don't either. Everyday English P.77 So do I!, neither do I!

Be careful about this very important point: So do I / I do too shows agreement with a positive verb form. Neither do I / I don't either shows agreement with a negative verb form. Dr. Amal Shousha, Fall, 2010 Reminder

Ex: 9.11 (P. 77) Look at the sentences provided first agree and second disagree with each one of them. 1. I want to travel the world. 4.I can’t drive. So do I!. (Me too) agree Neither can I! (Me neither) agree I don’t! (Me neither) disagree. I can! disagree 2. I don’t want to have lots of children. 5. Neither am I! (Me neither) agree Neither do I. (Me neither) agree. I am ! disagree I do! Disagree. 6. so did I! (Me too!) agree 3. I can speak four languages. I didn’t ! disagree So can I ! (Me too!) agree 7. Neither have I ! (Me neither) agree I can’t! disagree I have! disagree Dr. Amal Shousha, Fall, 2010

Choose the best answer (So do I, neither do I!) 1. I haven’t got a dog. a. Neither do I! b. Neither have I! 2. We went abroad on holiday. a. So did we! b. So have we! 3. They didn’t get my message. a. We did. b. We have. Revision Exercise

Review Exercises Choose the correct answers: 1- Where is David? He……. (be) at school. Classes begin at 8. ( can’t have been – must be – have to ) 2- I'm absolutely sure!. They…….. (arrive) yesterday, I saw their ticket. (can’t have arrived –must have arrived –had to) 3- Courses…… (begin) on the fifth of September.It’s probable. ( can’t begin – must begin – may / might begin ) 4- They……… (be) in New York, but I'm not sure. ( could be – must be – have to ) 5- She ……………………. about our date because she didn’t come. ( must have forgotten – could have forgotten – can’t have forgotten )

Review Exercises Choose the correct answers : 1- I …….. go shopping tonight, I haven't decided yet. ( must – can’t – may ) 2- That …….. be the right answer, it just doesn't make sense. ( must – can’t - may ) 3- This ……..be the place. I can see Tom over there. ( must – can’t – may ) 4- He may ………….there. ( have go – had go – have gone)