Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Unit 11 Finishing Wood
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Preparing Wood for Finishes Remove dents, high spots, glue stains, and sand to a smooth surface Protect sanded boards with cloth or paper Do not sand pencil marks
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Filling Holes Wood-filling materials work well when –dowels or nails are set below the surface –a puncture is small in diameter Products –putty and glazing compound –plastic wood –putty stick
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Finishing Tips Use clear finish on expensive wood with an attractive grain Use an opaque stain or paint to cover an unattractive grain Paint or opaque stains require less sanding
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Sanding Edges and ends worked down with a file or cutting tool Sand face of board with a power sander or sanding block Always do final sanding with the grain After sanding, wrap wood in cloth or paper
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Clear Finishes Five Types –oil –varnish –polyurethane –lacquer –shellac
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Oil One of the oldest finishes Apply with a soft lint-free cloth After first coat dries, sand with 220 grit (or finer) until smooth Apply several coats Disadvantages –finish becomes darker over time –may need to be reapplied over time
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Varnish Mixture of a different oils Apply two coats Requires a sealer coat Disadvantages –softer than most modern finishes –turns dark and becomes soft over time
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Polyurethane Clear, durable, water-resistant High gloss or satin finish Two or three coats Not easily removed once dry
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Lacquer Requires its own thinner Dries almost instantly if sprayed on Slower drying when brushed on Provides a good protective finish Disadvantage –cannot be applied over paint
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Shellac One of the oldest clear finishes Derived from shellac beetle secretions Easiest to apply/safest finish to work with Comes in a variety of grades Disadvantages –short shelf life –not as water-resistant as other finishes
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Solvents and Thinners Five most commonly used solvents –denatured alcohol –turpentine –paint thinners –varsol –lacquer thinner
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Important Terms Finish: chemical layer that protects the surface Putty/glazing compound: soft filling material containing oil Pliable: gives if pushed or pulled Plastic wood: soft filler that dries very quickly when unsealed Wood filler: thick stain that fills the pores of open-grained woods