Monday, November 11 th Pick up papers at column Warm Up: Draw and label a sarcomere – make sure to label the following structures: Sarcomere (Z to Z) I Band (light) A Band (dark) H Zone M-line Actin (thin) Myosin (thick)

Announcements Veterans Day Today Missing work? This is the end of the 3 weeks Quiz on Thursday Picking up stamp sheets on Thursday

5 Golden Rules: Skeletal Muscle Activity 1. All muscles cross at least one joint 2. Typically, the bulk of the muscle lies proximal to the joint crossed 3. All muscles have at least two attachments: the origin and the insertion 4. Muscles can only pull; they never push 5. During contraction, the muscle insertion moves toward the origin

Types of Body Movements Origin – attached to the immovable or less moveable bone Insertion – attached to the movable bone, and when the muscle contracts, the insertion moves toward the origin

Body Movements - Flexion Flexion – decreases the angle of the joint and brings two bones closer together, typical of hinge joints but also common in ball-and- socket joints. Examples: bending at hip, bending knee, bending elbow

Body Movements - Extension Extension – opposite of flexion, movement that increases the angle or distance between bones. If extension is greater than 180 o it is hyperextension. Examples: Straightening the knee or elbow, back bend, head back

Body Movements - Rotation Rotation – movement of a bone around its longitudinal axis, common in ball-and- socket joints. Examples: atlas/axis joint (‘no’), moving foot towards or away from body

Body Movements - Abduction Abduction – moving a limb away from the midline of the body, also applies to fanning fingers and toes. Examples: Fanning fingers/toes, raising arms to side, raising legs to side

Body Movements - Adduction Adduction – Opposite of abduction, movement of a limb towards the midline of the body Examples: Lowering arms to side, lowering legs to side, unfanning fingers and toes

Body Movements - Circumduction Circumduction – Common in ball-and- socket joints, proximal end is stationary and distal end moves in a circle Examples: Hand moves in a circle while shoulder stays stationary

Special Movements - Dorsiflexion Dorsiflexion – Upward movement of the foot at the ankle Examples: Foot only

Special Movements – Plantar Flexion Plantar Flexion – Downward movement of the foot at the ankle, opposite of dorsiflexion Examples: Foot only

Special Movements – Inversion Inversion – Movement of the foot by turning the sole medially Examples: Foot only

Special Movements – Eversion Eversion – Movement of the foot by turning the sole laterally Examples: Foot only

Special Movements – Supination Supination – Forearm rotates laterally so that the palm faces anteriorly and the radius and ulna are parallel Examples: Arm - radius/ulna, foot (combo movement)

Special Movements – Pronation Pronation – Forearm rotates medially so that the palm faces posteriorly and the radius and ulna form an X Examples: Arm - radius/ulna, foot (combo movement)

Special Movements – Opposition Opposition – Movement of the thumb so it touches the tips of other fingers Examples: Thumb to fingers

Build a Sliding Filament Model