Muscle Movements, Names and Types Ch 6 Anatomy and Physiology

5 Golden Rules of Skeletal Muscles

Body Movements All muscles attach to something at no fewer than 2 points –Origin is the less moveable attachment –Insertion attached to the moveable bone Upon contraction insertion moves toward the origin –Tends to cause body movement

Types of Body Movements 1.Flexion Usually in the sagittal plane Angle of joint decreased, bone closer

Body Movements 1.Extension Opposite of flexion Increase the angle, bones apart Over 180° is called hyperextension Can be normal like in the neck

Movements Con’t. 3.Rotation Movement around the long axis Ball and socket joints Atlas and axis in shaking head “no”

Movements 4.Abduction Movement away from the midline (frontal plane) 5.Adduction Opposite of abduction 6. Circumduction Cone shaped movement of ball and socket joint

Special Movements of the Foot Dorsiflexion is lifting the toes Plantar flexion is pointing the toes Inversion is turning the sole medially Eversion turns the sole laterally –Ankle sprains

Special Movements of the Forearm Supination –Palms anterior –Anatomical position –Radius and Ulna parallel Pronation –Palm rotates posteriorly –Radius across ulna

Special Movement of the Thumb Opposition –Opposable thumb helps humans grasp Touch fingertips with the thumb Due to the saddle joint between the 1 st Metacarpal and Carpal bones