 Sections ◦ Head/neck ◦ Back/abdomen ◦ Upper extremity ◦ Lower extremity  Surface ◦ Anterior ◦ Posterior

 Muscles have jobs ◦ Muscles with similar jobs are often grouped together  Most muscles have muscles that work opposite them (prime mover vs. antagonist) ◦ These sets of muscles are often called flexors and extensors  The upper and lower extremities have many sets of opposites, and are also opposite of one another

 Name of the muscle ◦ Origin ◦ Insertion ◦ Innervation ◦ Action

 Identify how the muscle is named  This knowledge will help to determine the location, origin, insertion, innervation, and/or action  *When you have a hard time remembering where a muscle goes, LOOK AT THE NAME! Break it down if you can – it will often tell you where it goes

 Proximal muscle attachment  More stationary attachment  Usually the broader of the 2 attachments

 Distal attachment  More movable attachment  Usually less broad attachment

 The distribution of nerve fibers to an organ or body region  When identifying muscles, innervation is the nerve or nerves that supply stimulation to the muscle for contraction  Example: The pectoralis major is innervated by the lateral pectoral nerve and the medial pectoral nerve

 The motions of the body caused by contraction of the muscle  Example: The pectoralis major muscle causes: ◦ Flexion of the gleno-humeral joint ◦ Adduction of the humerus ◦ Internal rotation of the humerus

 The muscles near a prime mover that help it to perform its action  Example: The pectoralis major receives help from the latissimus dorsi, the subscapularis, and the teres major

 Name of muscle on blank side  On lined side: ◦ Origin ◦ Insertion ◦ Innervation ◦ Action ◦ Synergist(s)  These will be your references for testing and beyond