Dimple Faujdar C.S 4 th year 08ERWCS017

INTRODUCTION TO CYBER CRIME Crime, E-crime, Hi-tech Crime Or Electronic Crime Is Where A Computer Is The Target Of A Crime Or Is The Means Adopted To Commit A Crime.Crime Most of these Crimes are not new. Criminals simply devise different ways to undertakeStandard Criminal Activities such as Fraud, Theft, Blackmail, Forgery and Embezzlement using the New Medium, Often Involving the Internet.

TYPES OF CYBER CRIMES Credit card frauds Cyber pornography Sale of illegal articles-narcotics, weapons, wildlife Online gambling, Intellectual Property crimes- software piracy, copyright infringement, trademarks violations, theft of computer source code spoofing Forgery Defamation Cyber stalking (section 509 IPC) Phishing Cyber terrorism

CYBER THREAT EVOLUTION Virus Breaking Web Sites Malicious Code (Melissa) Advanced Worm / Trojan (I LOVE YOU) Identity Theft (Phishing) Organised Crime Data Theft, DoS / DDoS Virus Breaking Web Sites Malicious Code (Melissa) Advanced Worm / Trojan (I LOVE YOU) Identity Theft (Phishing) Organised Crime Data Theft, DoS / DDoS

CYBER CRIME IN INDIA

Frequency of incidents of Cyber crimes in India Denial of Service: Section 43 Virus: Section: 66, 43 Data Alteration: Sec. 66 U/A Access : Section 43 Abuse: Sec. 67, 500, Other IPC Sections Data Theft: Sec 66, 65

NO. OF INDIAN WEB-SITES DEFACED

NUMBER OF INDIAN SITES HACKED

Combating Cyber crime-Indian legal framework Security Policy, Compliance and Assurance – Legal Framework – IT Act, 2000 – IT (Amendment) Bill, 2006 – Data Protection & Computer crimes – Best Practice ISO – Security Assurance Framework- IT/ITES/BPO Companies Security Incident – Early Warning & Response – CERT-In National Cyber Alert System – Information Exchange with international CERTs Capacity building – Skill & Competence development – Training of law enforcement agencies and judicial officials in the collection and analysis of digital evidence – Training in the area of implementing information security in collaboration with Specialised Organisations in US Setting up Digital Forensics Centres – Domain Specific training – Cyber Forensics Research and Development – Network Monitoring – Biometric Authentication – Network Security International Collaboration

What is India inc’s biggest threat? Cyber crime is now a bigger threat to India Inc than physical crime. In a recent survey by IBM, a greater number of companies (44%) listed cyber crime as a bigger threat to their profitability than physical crime (31%). The cost of cyber crime stems primarily from loss of revenue, loss of market capitalisation, damage to the brand, and loss of customers, in that order. About 67% local Chief Information Officers (CIOs) who took part in the survey perceived cyber crime as more costly, compared to the global benchmark of 50%.

REPORTED CASES State versusAmit PasariandKapil Juneja Delhi Police – M/sSoftwebSolutions – Websitewww.go2nextjob.comhosted – Complaint of hacking by web hosting service State versus Joseph Jose – Delhi Police Hoax -Purported planting of 6 bombs inbombs in Connaught Place Stateversus Aneesh Chopra – Delhi Police Three company websites hacked Accused: An ex-employee State versus K RVijayakumar –BangaloreCyber Crime Police Station, 2001 Criminal intimidation of employers and crashing the company’s server Phoenix Global solutions –

Challenges faced by Law Enforcement Awareness: Technology is changing very rapidly. So does the increase in Cyber crimes, No proper awareness shared with regard to crime and latest tools. People are so ignorant that makes it effortless for cyber criminals to attack. People fear to report crimes and some crimes are not properly recorded. The reason behind this is that the victim is either scared of police harassment or wrong media publicity. For minority and marginalised groups who already bear the brunt of media bias, reporting online harassment to the police may simply draw further unwanted attention. The public is not aware of the resources and services that law enforcement could provide them if being a victim of crime or witness. Technical Issues: Large amount of storage space required for storing the imaged evidences and also for storing retrieved evidence after analysis. Retrieved evidence might contain documents, pictures, videos and audio files which takes up a lot of space. Technical issues can further be categorised into software and hardware issues.

Global Issues: Most of the IP addresses retrieved during investigation leads to servers or computers located abroad which have no identity, hence further investigations are blocked and closed. Correspondence with bodies such as Google, Yahoo, Hotmail is quite time consuming and prolong the investigations. Recently China has been manufacturing mobile phones that have cloned IME numbers which is a current challenge faced in Mobile forensics. Wireless or Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Infrared Issues: Latest wireless technologies which provide internet connections causes exploitation especially when it is not secured. This is the present technology terrorists and radical activists exploit. This is another vulnerability that law enforcement faces.

Current and Emerging Cyber Forensic Tools of Law Enforcement

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