Reflections on vulnerability and agency in the child sexual exploitation debate Kate Brown and Carol-Ann Hooper University of York.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Sexual Exploitation. Definition Sexual exploitation of children and young people is a form of sexual abuse Through coercion It is never the victims fault.
Advertisements

Children’s Services Select Committee 5 March 2014 Child Sexual Exploitation Elaine Ryan Safeguarding Lead for Education March 2014.
Child sensitive counselling, complaint and reporting mechanisms. Implications for children with disabilities Geneva, 30 th Sept-1 st Oct, 2010 Gerison.
Child Sexual Exploitation: Conference Workshop
Detective Superintendent Andrew Stokes Head of Public Protection Derbyshire Constabulary Cyber Safety & Child Sexual Exploitation.
Sarah Goodwin - Senior YPA Haringey and Enfield
Online safety & CSE PC Rachel Hall.
Lorna Price, Designated Doctor, Safeguarding Children Service Identifying and responding to CSE in Wales 31 st October 2013 Presenter: Lorna Price Designated.
 Janet Foulds-Service Manager of the Child Sexual Abuse Unit, Derby  Phillip Morris, Deputy Head of Service - Integrated Services  Johanna Collins Social.
Child Sexual Exploitation. What We Know Today Recent Publications Reflections on Child Sexual Exploitation; Louise Casey CB; 03/2015 Report Of Inspection.
Welcome Child Sexual Exploitation Briefing
Child Sexual Exploitation – Awareness Raising Workshop Anne Tierney and Jane Cook.
Carlene Firmin MBE Head of the MsUnderstood Partnership.
Child Sexual Exploitation. Definition:-Sexual exploitation of children and young people under 18 involves exploitative situations, contexts and relationships.
Sexual exploitation of children and young people under 18 involves exploitative situations, contexts and relationships where.
Barnardo’s Registered Charity Nos and SC Identifying and preventing sexual exploitation Katherine Barnes.
Child Sexual Exploitation Supporting the Child’s Journey London Borough of Merton Lee Hopkins Service Manager.
Safeguarding Team Rachel Larkin Child Sexual Exploitation Nurse.
Domestic Violence and Mental Health Judith Fitzsimons Domestic Violence Co-ordinator Hackney Domestic Violence Team.
Safeguarding Tutorial The Manchester College 1. Aim of session: To raise awareness of Safeguarding Objectives: By the end of the session you will be able.
National Youth Justice Conference 2015 Tackling Child Sexual Exploitation - Lessons for Scotland from Rotherham Martin Crewe Director, Barnardo’s Scotland.
Child Sexual Exploitation (CSE) Melanie Hartley Designated Nurse for Safeguarding Children, NHS Salford CCG.
Child sexual exploitation training for hotel staff Operation Makesafe.
Inclusion and School Deviance: the challenge of ‘EBD’ Gwynedd Lloyd University of Edinburgh ISEC 2005.
Policing Young Women: sexual exploitation, crime and criminalisation Prof Jo Phoenix Chair in Criminology, School of Applied Social Sciences Durham University.
What needs to happen to make this work? Creating networks Confidence in each other Talking to each other Active listening Purposeful and decisive action.
It’s NOT OK Awareness Raising Tools This Awareness Raising Tool has been devised for you to use at your own pace. Just press the left mouse button to move.
Child Sexual Exploitation (CSE) Awareness Plus Briefing.
Presentation Child Sexual Exploitation (CSE) Shaun Sannerude – Community Development Officer.
Child Sexual Exploitation Tracey Holyhead Halton Safeguarding Children Board Business Manager
Crown Prosecution Service Violence against Women and Girls Jude Watson Violence against Women and Girls Strategy Manager.
Giving Something Back to Wales! ‘Sharing the Learning from the 9 th BASPCAN CONGRESS held in Edinburgh April 2015’ November 16 th, 2015 Stronger Together:
Child Sexual Exploitation Tracey Holyhead Halton Safeguarding Children Board Business Manager
Friday 9 th January CSE IS… CSE IS NOT… DEFINITION OF CHILD SEXUAL EXPLOITATION “The sexual exploitation of children and young people under 18.
Sexual Exploitation of Children and Young People Presented by Steffani Smith Organisational Development Advisor & Russ Saunders Youth Support Lead.
Child Sexual Exploitation Kirstie King MSCB Learning and Development Officer.
Child Sexual Exploitation Detective Inspector Angie Chapman.
Chelsea’s choice Raising Awareness around Child Sexual Exploitation AnySchool Name Key Stage 3 Presentation.
CHILD SEXUAL EXPLOITATION. Child Sexual Exploitation is a form of sexual abuse that involves the manipulation and/or coercion of young people under.
Recognising grooming and CSE What you need to know about targeting, grooming and Child Sexual Exploitation A guide for anyone working with young people.
PROJECT PHOENIX GREATER MANCHESTER’S APPROACH TO TACKLING CHILD SEXUAL EXPLOITATION.
Chelsea’s Choice - So What is Child Sexual Exploitation? (CSE) AnyName School Year 8 Tutor Time.
Child Sexual Exploitation: Awareness Raising for Staff and Volunteers who work with Children & Young People.
Childhood Neglect: Improving Outcomes for Children Presentation P26 Childhood Neglect: Improving Outcomes for Children Presentation Understanding barriers.
Raising awareness of Child Sexual Exploitation (CSE) Licensed Premises Staff
Sexual Exploitation, Consent and the Law AnyName School Year 10 Tutor Time.
Chelsea’s choice Raising Awareness around Child Sexual Exploitation AnySchool Name Staff Briefing.
Child Sexual Exploitation Workshop Bev Petch - Senior Education Improvement Adviser Hannah Lemming – Team Leader, Direct Work.
Child Sexual Exploitation (CSE)
Community Southwark Event Child Sexual Exploitation
Child Sexual Exploitation
Child Sexual Exploitation
Child Sexual Exploitation
CHILD SEXUAL EXPLOITATION
Elaine Ryan Safeguarding Lead for Education
Child Sexual Exploitation
Barnardo’s Core Presentation Slide No. 1
Operation Makesafe.
Introduction to Child Sexual Exploitation
Child Sexual Exploitation.
Child Sexual Exploitation (CSE)
Safeguarding Reflection- Child Sexual Exploitation
What is CSE Sexual Exploitation of children and young people under the age of 18 involves exploitative situations where the young person receives ‘something’
Child Sexual Exploitation in England (UK)
Geneva, 30th Sept-1st Oct, 2010 Gerison Lansdown
Child Sexual Exploitation - 7 Minute Briefing

Child Sexual Exploitation - Update
CSE Awareness Training
Peer on Peer Abuse Harmful Sexualised Behaviour July 2019
Presentation transcript:

Reflections on vulnerability and agency in the child sexual exploitation debate Kate Brown and Carol-Ann Hooper University of York

Introduction: The paradox of agency Victimisation accounts – naming previously normalised injustices? Social anxieties about childhood and sexuality? Agency unspeakable – blaming children. BUT: Agency appears. ‘children putting themselves at risk’ (Berelowitz, 2013) Some indications that agency is actually disciplined… “A lot of their attitude is ‘you’re just a little slapper – a slapper who likes sleeping with older men’ ” Pearce (2013; 52). Cf Rochdale case (2012) and Bradford case (2014) of imprisonment & forced testimony How to recognise agency without leaving young people to be abused?

Opening up the question of agency Policy shifts: expanding definitions, issues of consent Social and economic factors: the invisible context? The turn to vulnerability Making sense of agency in CSE Some implications for policy and practice

Politics of definition Questions of consent 1990s - ‘Child prostitution’ - prosecuted for sex YP could not consent to Grooming model rose to ascendance (Barnardos, 1998 and 2011) 2000: Safeguarding Children ‘Involved in Prostitution’ / ‘Commercial Sexual Exploitation’ (CSE) Policy responses: Child protection and criminal justice system Exploitative relationships and ‘Child Sexual Exploitation’ (CSE). Plus gangs (Berelowitz, 2013)

Expanding definitions Safeguarding Children and Young People from Sexual Exploitation (DfCSF, 2009; p.9): Sexual exploitation of children and young people under 18 involves exploitative situations, contexts and relationships where young people (or a third person or persons) receive ‘something’ (e.g. food, accommodation, drugs, alcohol, cigarettes, affection, gifts, money) as a result of them performing, and/or another or others performing on them, sexual activities. Child sexual exploitation can occur through the use of technology without the child’s immediate recognition; for example being persuaded to post sexual images on the Internet/mobile phones without immediate payment or gain. In all cases, those exploiting the child/young person have power over them by virtue of their age, gender, intellect, physical strength and/or economic or other resources.

Social and economic factors: The invisible context? Melrose et al (1999): ‘What makes young people stay in prostitution?’ Money, work... Barnardos (1998) ‘Whose Daughter’s Next’. Non-stigmatising… But obscured empirical realities? Socially and economically disadvantaged disproportionately represented (Phoenix, Pearce) Looked after (CEOP, 2011) – 350/900 Drug use, ASB, truanting - seen as ‘risk’ and ‘vulnerability’ factors Questions about welfare and disciplinary systems unanswered

The trouble with vulnerability CSE is apex of vulnerability (Brown, 2013) - policy and practice Behavioural conditionalities attached – associated with ‘deservingness’ and ‘lack of agency’ Young people who do not ‘perform’ vulnerability sufficiently (Brown, 2014) may not find entitlement as secure – and many not ‘well behaved’ Discipline of agency where it is not expressed ‘correctly’ (Frost and Hoggett, 2008)?

Opening up the question of agency Reluctance to name agency understandable given history of ‘blaming the victim’ across VAWG but absence of attention leaves gap in understanding contexts and implications for prevention Debates within feminism over ‘sex work’ as another form of VAWG – issue is space for agency Need new ways of thinking about responsibility, agency and choice Finkelhor (1984) on CSA – strengthening CYP’s supervision/care and capacity for self-protection Psychosocial perspectives on agency & impacts of trauma Consent rests on autonomy - develops in relational context Closed discourse on ‘abused consent’ risks YP feeling unheard by practitioners Limitations of rigid age boundaries

Concluding ideas, policy implications Risks in the current construction of CSE Voices of marginalised YP further marginalised YP’s agency disciplined where expressed Insufficient attention to developmental, relational, social and economic factors Complex realities of disadvantage, distress and desire obscured Little attention to secondary prevention Policy and practice Responses a matter for professional judgement but need understanding of complexity of contexts of YP’s ‘choices’ and awareness of limitations of set age boundaries CSE a matter for prosecution and protection and more – but perspective first, including recognition of YP’s agency, could make more space for reducing vulnerability of those most at risk