Aim: Imperialism HRBS Visualizing Global History Mr. Oberhaus Unit 5 Section 7- Imperialism

Causes of Imperialism Between 1870 – 1914; the United States, Japan, and Great Britain became more aggressive in expanding into other countries. This imperialism was focused in Asia and Africa. – Causes of Imperialism Economy Politics Societal Science and Invention

Nationalism and Social Darwinism Nationalism promotes the idea of national superiority. Nationalists believe that they have the right and duty to seize upon weaker nations; “Survival of the Fittest” – “White Man’s Burden”- Rudyard Kipling’s poem was used as justification for imperialism into Africa. The idea is that the white man has a moral duty to educate people in nations they considered less developed.

British East India Company In the early 1600s, the British East India Company established trading rights in India. In order to maintain control of goods, the East India Company employed Indian Soldiers known as “Sepoys” – In 1857, the Sepoys revolted against British rule because the East India Company forced the soldiers to go against their religious beliefs. The British crushed the rebellion.

Scramble for Africa Berlin Conference (1884)- European leaders met in Berlin Germany to set up rules for colonizing Africa. Europeans divided Africa amongst themselves without regard for the people. – Zulu warriors battled the Europeans for control of Africa. The Zulu’s and other resistance movements battled the Dutch in the “Boar War” ( ). The British defeated the resistance movement.

Imperialism in China In the late 1700s, the British began trading the drug Opium in China. Opium is highly addictive. In 1839, the British went to war with China which was known as the “Opium War”. – The British soundly defeated China and forced them to sign the “Treaty of Nanjing”. China had to pay for the war, they had to open more trading ports, and they gave Hong Kong to the British. Also, British citizens living in China were given “Extraterritoriality” which meant that if they committed a crime in China they could only be tried in British courts. They would also live under British law while in China.

Chinese Reaction to Imperialism The Taiping Rebellion ( )- Peasants revolted against the Qing Dynasty. Millions were killed and China was weakened. The Boxer Rebellion A group known as the “Boxers” assaulted foreigners in China. Foreign forces entered China to protect their citizens and forced China to grant more concessions to foreigners. Chinese Revolution A man named Sun Yixian led a movement to get rid of the Qing Dynasty. Known in the west as Sun Yat-sen he had three goals: to end foreign domination, to form a representative government, and to create economic security for China. He was named president in 1911.