Step Up To: Psychology by John J. Schulte, Psy.D. From Myers, Psychology 8e Worth Publishers

Chapter 16: Psychological Disorders What’s Abnormal? Anxious? Ups and Downs Confused? Trends & Patterns

What’s Abnormal?

Anxious?

Ups and Downs

Confused?

Trends & Patterns

1. Mental health workers label behavior psychologically disordered when it is: A) prejudicial, unconsciously motivated, ingenuine, and insane. B) biologically based, unconsciously motivated, aggressive, and difficult to change. C) selfish, habitual, and avoidable. D) atypical, disturbing, maladaptive and unjustifiable.

2. DSM-IV is a widely used system for: A) classifying psychological disorders. B) identifying the causes of psychological abnormality. C) distinguishing sanity from insanity. D) treating depression.

3. According to the medical model, psychological disorders are: A) sicknesses that need to be diagnosed and cured. B) maladaptive responses to a troubling environment. C) purely imaginary symptoms of distress. D) learned habits that need to be extinguished.

4. When John Hinckley shot U.S. President Reagan, he was sent to a mental hospital rather than to prison because he was judged to be: A) manic-depressive. B) dysthymic. C) catatonic. D) insane.

5.The DSM-IV does not: A) include a classification for personality disorders. B) explain the causes of the various psychological disorders. C) include a very broad range of psychological disorders. D) provide systematic guidelines for diagnosing psychological disorders.

6. Obsessions are: A) persistent, irrational fears of specific objects or situations. B) offensive and unwanted thoughts that persistently preoccupy a person. C) hyperactive, wildly optimistic states of emotion. D) false beliefs of persecution or grandeur.

7. Julie is so alarmed by spiders and insects that she avoids most outdoor activities and even refuses to enter the basement of her own house alone. She appears to suffer from: A) obsessive-compulsive disorder. B) histrionic personality disorder. C) phobia. D) mood disorder.

8. Learning theorists have suggested that a generalized anxiety disorder results from: A) repeated misuse of alcohol, heroin, or other addictive drugs. B) a lack of effective childhood training in impulse control. C) exposure to unpredictable aversive events. D) a genetically based predisposition to fear unfamiliar objects or situations.

9. Obsessive thoughts typically ____ anxiety and compulsive behaviors typically ____ anxiety. A) increase; increase B) decrease; decrease C) decrease; increase D) increase; decrease

10. Frequent nightmares, insomnia, and the intrusion of painful memories are symptoms most commonly associated with: A) bipolar disorder. B) dissociative disorder. C) anorexia nervosa. D) post-traumatic stress disorder.

11. In which disorder do people alternate between states of lethargic hopelessness and wild overexcitement? A) dissociative identity disorder B) bipolar disorder C) obsessive-compulsive disorder D) schizophrenia

12. A chronic state of low energy and low self-esteem that is a bit less disabling than major depression is called a: A) dysthymic disorder. B) bipolar disorder. C) generalized anxiety disorder. D) phobia.

13. Research regarding depression indicates that: A) depression is typically unrelated to stressful life events. B) depression is unlikely to be overcome without professional help. C) depression is associated with abnormally high levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin. D) with each new generation, depression is dramatically increasing in its prevalence.

14. One of the best warning signs of an attempt at suicide is: A) suicidal talk. B) hallucinations and delusions. C) the use of illegal drugs. D) generalized anxiety.

15. Bill, an airplane pilot, is unable to remember anything of a bombing raid in which his plane was severely damaged and two crew members were killed. He may be suffering from: A) panic disorder. B) dissociative disorder. C) phobia. D) generalized anxiety disorder.

16. Disturbed perceptions in schizophrenia are called ____ and usually involve the ____ sense. A) delusions; auditory B) hallucinations; visual C) hallucinations; auditory D) delusions; visual

17. Mr. McCoy believes that he is the President of the United States and that he will soon become the “King of the Universe.” His is most likely suffering from: A) delusions. B) obsessions. C) hallucinations. D) dissociative identity disorder.

18. Bob suffers from schizophrenia. He made the statement, “can’t up the often already Jamie sandwich.” This would be a sign called: A) hallucination. B) delusion. C) catatonia. D) word salad.

19. Mrs. Hanson usually sits in a motionless stupor, but sometimes repetitiously shakes her head or waves her arms. She most likely suffers from: A) catatonia. B) paranoia. C) delusions. D) a bipolar disorder.

20. Schizophrenia is associated with an excess of receptors for: A) norepinephrine. B) dopamine. C) serotonin. D) acetylcholine.

21. An antisocial personality disorder is most likely to be characterized by: A) delusions of grandeur. B) a persistent, irrational fear of people. C) a lack of guilt feelings. D) disruptions in conscious awareness and sense of identity.

22. Those with narcissistic personality disorder are likely to be preoccupied with: A) an irrational fear of people. B) delusions of persecution. C) physical symptoms of distress. D) their own self-importance.

23. Those with an avoidant personality disorder are most likely to display: A) a lack of guilt feelings. B) a sense of self-importance. C) shallow, attention-getting emotions. D) a fear of social rejection.

24. In any given year, schizophrenia effects about ____ of the population. A) 1% B) 10% C) 2% D) 5%

25. The reduced self-control of impulsive murderers is most closely related to reduced brain activity in their ____ lobes. A) frontal B) temporal C) occipital D) parietal

Stop here, or continue as a review

1. Mental health workers label behavior psychologically disordered when it is: A) prejudicial, unconsciously motivated, ingenuine, and insane. B) biologically based, unconsciously motivated, aggressive, and difficult to change. C) selfish, habitual, and avoidable. D) atypical, disturbing, maladaptive and unjustifiable. 640

2. DSM-IV is a widely used system for: A) classifying psychological disorders. B) identifying the causes of psychological abnormality. C) distinguishing sanity from insanity. D) treating depression. 644

3. According to the medical model, psychological disorders are: A) sicknesses that need to be diagnosed and cured. B) maladaptive responses to a troubling environment. C) purely imaginary symptoms of distress. D) learned habits that need to be extinguished. 642

4. When John Hinckley shot U.S. President Reagan, he was sent to a mental hospital rather than to prison because he was judged to be: A) manic-depressive. B) dysthymic. C) catatonic. D) insane. 647

5.The DSM-IV does not: A) include a classification for personality disorders. B) explain the causes of the various psychological disorders. C) include a very broad range of psychological disorders. D) provide systematic guidelines for diagnosing psychological disorders. 644

6. Obsessions are: A) persistent, irrational fears of specific objects or situations. B) offensive and unwanted thoughts that persistently preoccupy a person. C) hyperactive, wildly optimistic states of emotion. D) false beliefs of persecution or grandeur. 651

7. Julie is so alarmed by spiders and insects that she avoids most outdoor activities and even refuses to enter the basement of her own house alone. She appears to suffer from: A) obsessive-compulsive disorder. B) histrionic personality disorder. C) phobia. D) mood disorder. 650

8. Learning theorists have suggested that a generalized anxiety disorder results from: A) repeated misuse of alcohol, heroin, or other addictive drugs. B) a lack of effective childhood training in impulse control. C) exposure to unpredictable aversive events. D) a genetically based predisposition to fear unfamiliar objects or situations. 649

9. Obsessive thoughts typically ____ anxiety and compulsive behaviors typically ____ anxiety. A) increase; increase B) decrease; decrease C) decrease; increase D) increase; decrease 651

10. Frequent nightmares, insomnia, and the intrusion of painful memories are symptoms most commonly associated with: A) bipolar disorder. B) dissociative disorder. C) anorexia nervosa. D) post-traumatic stress disorder. 652

11. In which disorder do people alternate between states of lethargic hopelessness and wild overexcitement? A) dissociative identity disorder B) bipolar disorder C) obsessive-compulsive disorder D) schizophrenia 659

12. A chronic state of low energy and low self-esteem that is a bit less disabling than major depression is called a: A) dysthymic disorder. B) bipolar disorder. C) generalized anxiety disorder. D) phobia. 659

13. Research regarding depression indicates that: A) depression is typically unrelated to stressful life events. B) depression is unlikely to be overcome without professional help. C) depression is associated with abnormally high levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin. D) with each new generation, depression is dramatically increasing in its prevalence. 661

14. One of the best warning signs of an attempt at suicide is: A) suicidal talk. B) hallucinations and delusions. C) the use of illegal drugs. D) generalized anxiety. 662

15. Bill, an airplane pilot, is unable to remember anything of a bombing raid in which his plane was severely damaged and two crew members were killed. He may be suffering from: A) panic disorder. B) dissociative disorder. C) phobia. D) generalized anxiety disorder. 656

16. Disturbed perceptions in schizophrenia are called ____ and usually involve the ____ sense. A) delusions; auditory B) hallucinations; visual C) hallucinations; auditory D) delusions; visual 669

17. Mr. McCoy believes that he is the President of the United States and that he will soon become the “King of the Universe.” His is most likely suffering from: A) delusions. B) obsessions. C) hallucinations. D) dissociative identity disorder. 669

18. Bob suffers from schizophrenia. He made the statement, “can’t up the often already Jamie sandwich.” This would be a sign called: A) hallucination. B) delusion. C) catatonia. D) word salad. 670

19. Mrs. Hanson usually sits in a motionless stupor, but sometimes repetitiously shakes her head or waves her arms. She most likely suffers from: A) catatonia. B) paranoia. C) delusions. D) a bipolar disorder. 671

20. Schizophrenia is associated with an excess of receptors for: A) norepinephrine. B) dopamine. C) serotonin. D) acetylcholine. 672

21. An antisocial personality disorder is most likely to be characterized by: A) delusions of grandeur. B) a persistent, irrational fear of people. C) a lack of guilt feelings. D) disruptions in conscious awareness and sense of identity. 677

22. Those with narcissistic personality disorder are likely to be preoccupied with: A) an irrational fear of people. B) delusions of persecution. C) physical symptoms of distress. D) their own self-importance. 677

23. Those with an avoidant personality disorder are most likely to display: A) a lack of guilt feelings. B) a sense of self-importance. C) shallow, attention-getting emotions. D) a fear of social rejection. 677

24. In any given year, schizophrenia effects about ____ of the population. A) 1% B) 10% C) 2% D) 5% 680

25. The reduced self-control of impulsive murderers is most closely related to reduced brain activity in their ____ lobes. A) frontal B) temporal C) occipital D) parietal 678

Acknowledgements Step Up Created by: –John J. Schulte, Psy.D. Based on Psychology, Eighth Edition by David Myers Published by Worth Publishers, 2006

Answers Chapter 16 1.D 2.A 3.A 4.D 5.B 6.B 7.C 8.C 9.D 10.D 11.B 12.A 13.D 14.A 15.B 16.C 17.A 18.D 19.A 20.B 21.C 22.D 23.D 24.A 25.A