Warm-up: Monday Copy the following on your warm-up sheet: – Pros – Cons – What is the debate? – Your opinion Watch the video about GMOs to answer: seeds-of-truth-in-gmo-debate/ seeds-of-truth-in-gmo-debate/

Types of Agriculture

Your task Use the powerpoint slides, textbook, and phone if necessary to describe each type of farming in the key Use the World Agriculture map to describe locations with this type of agriculture

Extensive Agriculture involves large areas of land and minimal labor input per acre; typically produces less and supports smaller populations than intensive agriculture.

Intensive Agriculture involves cultivation of smaller plots of land with substantial labor inputs and typically more chemical inputs (fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides); produces more food per acre to support higher populations.

Subsistence Agriculture growing only enough to survive Little is left over to sell. It is often small scale and generally involves a mixture of crops and animals. Many subsistence farmers aim to be self-sufficient. The farm has little technology or machinery but may be labor intensive, involving lots of manpower. Most common in LDC’s

Type of subsistence ag: Shifting Cultivation land is cleared by slashing and burning debris land is tended for only a few years at a time. Traditionally, land is not owned individually Types of crops grown vary regionally. Shifting cultivation is being replaced by logging, cattle ranching, and cash crops.

Shifting Cultivation Shifting cultivation by the Trio tribe in the rainforest of Southern Suriname

Type of subsistence ag: Pastoral Nomadism herding of domesticated animals. Found primarily in arid and semiarid climates Animals are seldom eaten The size of the heard indicates power and prestige Declining because of technology

Intensive Subsistence Agriculture Found in areas with high population and agricultural densities. - Especially in East, South, and SE Asia -To maximize production, little or no land is wasted. Farm is much smaller than elsewhere in the world. Families must produce enough food for their survival from a very small area of land. Little grain is grown to feed the animals. Intensive with Wet Rice Dominant Intensive with Wet Rice not Dominant

World Rice Production Asian farmers grow over 90% of the world’s rice. India and China alone account for over half of world rice production.

Commercial Agriculture this is farming for a profit. It usually involves farming on a large scale, using few workers but lots of machinery and technology. The produce is sold at market. Commercial farms usually produce one crop, so they are a monoculture. The crops are often called cash crops, eg coffee or flowers. Most common in MDCs

Type of commercial ag: Plantation Farming Found in the tropics and subtropics, especially in Latin America, Africa, and Asia. Owned by Europeans and North Americans and grow crops for sale primarily in more developed countries. Large farm specialized in one or two cash crops. Bananas, coffee, tobacco, cocoa, cotton, sugarcane and rubber

Plantation Farming Palm Tree Plantation, Israel, Aravah Desert Banana plantation. Farming bananas (Musa sp.) at Sanjuan on Tenerife, Canary Islands.

Type of commercial ag: Type of commercial ag: Dairying raising female cattle, goats, or certain other lactating livestock for long-term production of milk which may be either processed onsite or transported to a dairy for processing and eventually retail sale

Type of commercial ag: Type of commercial ag: Truck Farming horticultural practice of growing one or more vegetable crops on a large scale for shipment to distant markets. The major truck-farming areas are in California, Texas, Florida, along the Atlantic Coastal Plain, and in the Great Lakes area.The major truck-farming areas are in California, Texas, Florida, along the Atlantic Coastal Plain, and in the Great Lakes area.

Type of commercial ag: Livestock Ranching 1.Commercial grazing of livestock over an extensive area. 2.Practiced in more developed countries, where the vegetation is too sparse and the soil too poor to support crops. 3.Commercial ranching is conducted in more developed regions of the world. 4.Ranching is rare in Europe

Mediterranean Agriculture 1.Exists primarily in lands that border the Mediterranean Sea. 2.Always borders a sea/ocean 3.Most crops are for human consumption rather than for animal feed. 4.Most important cash crops are olives and grapes 5.Southern hemisphere provides these crops to the Northern hemisphere when it is winter.

Mixed Crop and Livestock Farming 1.Mixed crop and livestock farming is the most common form of commercial agriculture in the U.S. west of the Appalachians. 2.Distinctive characteristic of mixed crop and livestock farming is it integration of crops and livestock. 3.Most of the crops are fed to animals rather than consumed by humans. 4.Reduces seasonal variations in income. 5.Typically involves crop rotation. 6.United States, mixed crops and livestock farmers select corn most frequently because of higher yields per area than other crops. =48H7zOQrX3U&feature=player_detailpage

Meat Production on Ranches Cattle, sheep, and goats are the main meat animals raised on ranches.

Warm-up: Wednesday On Tuesday, write “testing” 1.What is a difference between subsistence and commercial agriculture? 2.What is a difference between intensive and extensive agriculture?

Agricultural Regions Activity

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Warm-up: Friday For Thursday, write “practice questions” 1. Describe your average dinner. 2. Does your family consume any organic food items? If so, explain. 3. Would you be able to describe how the animals you eat were raised? Explain.