By: Samuel, Mamud, and Regine’
Supreme Court case that upheld the ‘separate but equal’ provision. Preceded by Homer Adolph Plessy V. The State of Louisiana case. Judge Ferguson sided with state of Louisiana and convicted and fined Plessy. Plessy appealed, leading to this case. Violated 14 th amendment
Voting Restrictions Literacy tests, Poll tax, Grandfather Clause Debt peonage Violated 13 th Amendment Racial etiquette
Laws that kept blacks and whites racially separated Purpose was to keep blacks inferior to whites In southern and border states mid-1960s
Segregation public schools Public places Public transportation Restaurants Restrooms Drinking fountains Theaters
Blacks were lynched if allegedly committed a crime or shown disrespect towards a white man. Southern whites saw lynching as a positive way to keep blacks subordinate and discipline Approximately 2,503 lynched from
“ There is therefore only one thing left to do; save our money and leave a town…” - The Free Speech A journalist who fearlessly wrote about the horrors of lynching and one of the founding members of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). Her career writing about lynching took off after her three friends were lynched in 1892.
About 535,000 African Americans emigrated from the South Left the South for Northern and Midwest cities for economic and social reasons Blacks had to compete for jobs with immigrants
Believed through economic success and proving themselves to whites social equality and civil rights would be given to them in time. Advised blacks to accept white supremacy and social separation. Built and founded the Tuskegee Institute “…help and encouraging them as you are doing on these grounds…you will find that they will buy your surplus land, make blossom the waste places in your fields, and run your factories.” – Atlanta Compromise 1895
Called for a friendship between blacks and whites Had support from the North and interest in the South “In all things that are purely social, we can be as separate as the fingers, yet one as the hand in all things essential to mutual progress.”- Atlanta Compromise 1895
Major 20 th century civil rights activist Gained prominence as the leader of the Niagara Movement Opposed Booker T. Washington and his Atlanta Compromise Later Co-Founded the NAACP in 1909
Urged Blacks to avoid integration into ‘white society’. Felt that Blacks should fight for equal rights instead of submitting to segregation like Washington wanted. Believed the ‘Talented Tenth’ was the key to achieving racial equality