French and Indian War History Through Film Mr. Clark

1 st World War? During the 18th century, land in North America was controlled by Spain, France and Britain, The powerful European nations already were fighting each other for land and money all over the world.

These small wars continued for more than 100 years and were known as King William's War, Queen Anne's War, King George's War and the Seven Years’ War.

The French and Indian War was fought to decide which power, Britain or France, would become the stronger power in North America, each side relying on its colonists and Indian allies to fight.

The war began with conflicts over land.

French explorers had been the 1 st Europeans in the areas around the Great Lakes and the Ohio and Mississippi rivers; France had sent traders and trappers and established trading centers

Britain claimed the same land. The east coast becoming increasingly crowded, settlers began moving westward, into Indian territory

Indians When conflict began between Britain and France, Indians were divided over who to support.

Where Pittsburgh, PA is today, the French built one of their trading forts called Fort Duquesne

Britain, however, claimed the fort was situated in Virginia on top of land belonging to them.

Beginning In 1754, the governor of Virginia sent a 21 year old colonist named George Washington to demand the withdrawal of the French. The French refused to leave and Washington, along with 150 men, tried to force them out; attacking a group of Frenchmen and killing ten of them, sparking the beginning of the French and Indian War.

New War The British generals expected to fight the way battles were fought in Europe with troops lined up on open fields and firing their weapons as they marched toward each other. The French and their Indian allies refused to fight in this manner, preferring instead to hide in the woods, and camouflaging themselves

Location The bulk of the fighting that occurred during the French and Indian War took place along the New York state near the Canadian border.

French France sent one of its best military commanders to take command of its troops in America, the Marquis de Montcalm. Upon arrival, Montcalm proceeded to attack several British forts in 1757, among which Fort William Henry.

Victory and Massacre The British commander was forced to surrender on the condition that his troops would be treated fairly. That agreement was broken by the French's Indian allies as they proceeded to kill possibly more than 1,000 British soldiers and settlers alike.

British Victory In 1759, a strong British force attacked Fort Carillon which was under the command of General Montcalm. the British were successful and defeated the French. Fort Carillon was renamed Fort Ticonderoga

With the defeat of the French in Canada and the treaty in Paris in 1763, the French and Indian war officially came to an end. British took control of land previously claimed by France and which stretched from the east coast of North America to the Mississippi River. Everything west of that river belonged to Spain. Indians still retained control over most of the western lands, except for some Spanish colonies in Texas and New Mexico.

SPAIN ENGLAND WINNERS OF THE F & I WAR

American Revolution The end of the French and Indian War however had resulted in large debt for England the British Parliament decided the debt would be repaid by a raise in taxes on the colonies

American Revolution Taxes were imposed on a number of items, including legal documents and tea. Stamps were issued to be affixed onto the legal documents and newspapers. Beginning in 1765, protests at the taxes and stamps began to mount in the colonies.

The Last of the Mohicans History Through Film Mr. Clark

James Fenimore Cooper James Fenimore Cooper son of a wealthy, landowning Judge William Cooper 1789: born in Burlington, New Jersey 1790: family moved to Cooperstown, New York, a frontier settlement founded by Judge Cooper Sent to Yale University at thirteen, J. F. Cooper was expelled in his third year and was sent to sea, partly in the merchant marine, and then as a midshipman in the US Navy.

The Book In the second of the Leatherstocking Tales both in composition and in order of narrative. It is complete in itself, but is tied to the other stories by Natty Bumppo, the central figure of the series. His character as the last uncorrupted white man who prefers the code of the Indian than the nature of the white settlers, who is loyal, courageous and a superb promoter of woodcraft struck a chord with contemporary Americans that still finds an echo today.

The Book It was written in 1826 an adventure set in the forests of North America during the Seven Years War ( ) between Great Britain and France. The plot revolves around the efforts of Alice and Cora Munro to join their father, who is the commander of Fort William Henry near Lake Champlain.

The Book Their course is blocked by Magua, the leader of a group of Huron Indians who are allied to the French. His schemes are frustrated by Uncas, the last of the Mohicans, his father Chingachgook, and Natty Bumppo (“Hawkeye”). The book is characterized by a series of thrilling attacks, captures, flights and rescues