Hydrobromic Acid Hydrobromic Acid Hydrochloric Acid Hydrochloric Acid Hydrofluoric Acid Hydrofluoric Acid Hydroiodic Acid Hydroiodic Acid

Sulfuric Acid Sulfuric Acid Sulfurous Acid Sulfurous Acid Nitrous Acid Nitrous Acid Nitric Acid Nitric Acid

EX: Hydrosulfuric acid

EX: Acetic acid

CACBAB

CACBAB

CAAB

CBCAAB

HCl H+H+ Cl -

HF H+H+ F-F- For example- HC 2 H 3 O 2 is a weak acid and only 0.4% ionizes

HCl HBr HI H 2 SO 4 HNO 3 HClO 3 HClO 4 HCN HF HNO 2 HC 2 H 3 O 2 H 2 SO 3

NaOH Na+ OH -

CuOH Cu+ OH -

LiOH NaOH KOH RbOH Ca(OH) 2 Ba(OH) 2 NH 3 Na 2 CO 3 All Alkali metals and Alkaline Earth metals from Ca down.

pH 0 pH 7 pH14 AcidsNeutralBases

Coffee

pH= 5.5 pH= 2.3 pH= 8.3 pH= 11.5 pH= 4.4

pH + pOH = pH -log [H + ] -log [OH-] 10 -pOH [OH - ] pOH pH [H + ]

The H from the acid and the OH from the base combine to form water The other elements from the acid and base combine to form a salt

Measured volumes of titrant are added slowly to flask. Note the color after each addition of titrant. This process is continued until equivalence point is reached

1.NaOH + HC 2 H 3 O 2  NaC 2 H 3 O 2 + H 2 O

1.NaOH + HC 2 H 3 O 2  NaC 2 H 3 O 2 + H 2 O