Immigration 189O-1920

Most immigrants settled in the cities of the east coast in which they landed About 23 million immigrants came to the U.S. between New York City

Angel Island Ellis Island The increasing number of immigrants added to a growing urbanization Many immigrants came through the major processing centers

Vocabulary  Immigrant people who leave their native land for a new life

New Immigrants Alexander Graham Bell and Andrew Carnegie contributed their entrepreneurial skills to the growth of industry. most immigrants provided the labor and most immigrants took whatever jobs they could find and were willing to work for whatever wage they could get. But

Contributions  Most of the workers who built the transcontinental railroads were Irish and Chinese immigrants.  Immigrants turned out to vote in large numbers.  Neighborhoods provided foods and customs that became part of American culture.

Vocabulary  Prejudice judging without knowing the facts Fact vs. Opinion New prejudices against the “new” immigrants of the late 19 th century were based on their ethnic and religious backgrounds

Resistance  Immigrants faced resistance from Native-born Americans (American Protestants)  believed Catholics couldn’t be good American democrats  believed they were morally corrupt  feared they would take their jobs or drive down wages

Vocabulary  Diversity d i f f e r e n c e s i n p e o p l e

Vocabulary  Famine drastic food shortage

Vocabulary  Ellis Island A small island in New York Harbor

Vocabulary  Prior to 1890, most immigrants had come from northern and western Europe.  The “old immigrants” were from Anglo- Saxon countries  Germany EEngland IIreland

Vocabulary  The “new” immigrants were Catholics and Jewish.  Southern European Immigrants came to America from; IItaly AAustria-Hungary  Russia

“Old” immigrants  England  Germany  Ireland A new surge of Irish immigration resulted from more crop failures and increasing political and religious strife. Immigration from England (and to a lesser extent Scotland and Wales) continued, mainly by skilled laborers seeking work in America's industries and farmers seeking land.

“New” immigrants  Russia  Italy  Austria- Hungary..

Restricted immigration  China  Japan

They were pushed out by poverty wars discrimination

iincome  food  work  political freedom  Religious freedom They were attracted or pulled to the United States by;

Ellis Island

A New World Opportunities economic: jobs in factories, some started own business social: comfort in ethnic neighborhoods education: schools provided immigrant children an education who did not have to work political: immigrants could vote, some gained political office.

Factories

Tenement Housing

Urbanization By 1920, the majority of people in the U.S. lived in cities.