Summer Heat Safety Tips Beat the Heat Greg Janulis For alternative title pages with images, please see the BP alternative title slides where you can copy and paste a pre-set title slide (see BP templates in PowerPoint menu: File / New or Please see the BP PowerPoint tips& tricks before you use this template! This is the preferred template for BP. It is readable on most projection equipment however should you feel the font is too ‘light’ for your purposes, there is a template using a heavier font (Univers 55) available. It can be downloaded at There is also a dark green background template ‘BP special use template’ which is more practical for webcasts and for use in very dark environments when the white version would produce more glare.

2 Contents Heat Illness Dehydration Heat Illnesses & Progression Heat Illness Risk Factors Heat Illness Treatments Heat Illness Prevention Other Hot Weather Ailments Resources & Additional Information

3 Heat Illness “Heat-related deaths and illness are preventable yet annually many people succumb to extreme heat. Historically, from , excessive heat exposure caused 8,015 deaths in the United States. During this period, more people in this country died from extreme heat than from hurricanes, lightning, tornadoes, floods, and earthquakes combined.“ [1] “Heat illness is often the result of increased body temperature and dehydration. Heat illness has three separate conditions: muscular heat cramps, heat exhaustion and heat stroke, the most serious and deadly of heat illness.“ [3]

4 Dehydration [5] “Dehydration occurs when you lose more fluid than you take in and your body doesn't have enough water and other fluids to carry out its normal functions. If lost fluid remains unreplenished, you may suffer serious consequences. Replace salt and minerals” “A better barometer is the color of your urine: clear or light-colored urine means you're well hydrated, whereas a dark yellow or amber color usually signals dehydration.” “If you're a healthy adult, you can usually treat mild to moderate dehydration by drinking more fluids. Get immediate medical care if you develop severe signs and symptoms such as extreme thirst, no urination for eight hours, shriveled skin, dizziness and confusion.”

5 1.Cramps a.Painful muscle cramps and spasms, usually in muscles of legs and abdomen. Heavy sweating. [6] 2.Exhaustion a.Heavy sweating, weakness, cool skin, pale, and clammy. Weak pulse. Normal temperature possible. Possible muscle cramps, dizziness, fainting, nausea, and vomiting. [6] 3.Stroke a.Altered mental state. Possible throbbing headache, confusion, nausea, and dizziness. High body temperature (106°F or higher). Rapid and strong pulse. Possible unconsciousness. Skin may be hot and dry, or patient may be sweating. Sweating likely especially if patient was previously involved in vigorous activity. [6] T c is core body temperature CNS is central nervous system [2] Heat Illnesses & Progression [7]

6 Heat Illness Risk Factors [6] [4] [7]

7 Heat Illness Treatments [1] Heat Cramps: −Stop all activity, and rest in a cool environment −Drink clear juice or a sports beverage −Seek medical attention if cramps persist for more than an hour after resting Heat Exhaustion: −As above, plus: −Take a cool shower or bath −Change into lightweight clothing −Seek medical assistance if symptoms are severe or if victim has heart problems or high blood pressure Heat Stroke: −Seek medical assistance as soon as possible −Cool self/victim by any means −Do not ingest/give fluids −Monitor body temperature

8 Heat Illness Prevention [1] Drink plenty of fluids Replace salt and minerals Wear appropriate clothing and sunscreen Schedule outdoor activities carefully Pace yourself Stay cool indoors Use a buddy system Monitor those at high risk Adjust to the environment Do not leave children/animals in cars Use common sense

9 Other Hot Weather Ailments Sunburn [8] −Appears as red, painful skin that may be warm to the touch −Treat with moisturizing lotion and cool with water −Consult medical attention if fever, fluid-fluid blisters, sever pain, or infections are present −Avoid by limiting exposure & using an appropriate sunscreen Heat Rash [9] −Caused by blocked sweat ducts and may appear as a prickly rash, blisters, or red lumps −Rashes usually clears on its own with lessened sweating −Consult medical attention if the rash grows or appears infected (increased pain, pus, swollen lymph nodes, fever, or chills) −Avoid by keeping cool, wearing light loose fitting clothing, and using non- comedogenic products

10 Resources & Additional Information [1] CDC Heat GuideCDC Heat Guide [2] The Thermoregulatory Consequences of Heat StrokeThe Thermoregulatory Consequences of Heat Stroke [3] NAEMT - Summer Heat Q & ANAEMT - Summer Heat Q & A [4] Stanford - Heat Illness PreventionStanford - Heat Illness Prevention [5] Mayo Clinic – DehydrationMayo Clinic – Dehydration [6] EPA - Excessive Heat Events GuidebookEPA - Excessive Heat Events Guidebook [7] USARIEM - Heat Stress ControlUSARIEM - Heat Stress Control [8] Mayo Clinic – SunburnMayo Clinic – Sunburn [9] Mayo Clinic - Heat RashMayo Clinic - Heat Rash USARIEM Heat Safety Video