Muscles Recap

Agonist and Antagonist  When one muscle is working the other is relaxed. We use the following terms to explain what each muscle is doing:  Agonist = is the working muscle  Antagonist = is the oppostie muscle which is not working (ie relaxed) In this diagram of a bicep curl which muscle is the agonist and which is the antagonist? Agonist = Bicep Antagonist = Tricep

Rectus Abdominus (Abs)  Location  2 muscles running the length of your abdomen.  They run from the pubis to the 5 th, 6 th, 7 th ribs  Movement  Flexion of the trunk.  Lateral flexion of the trunk.  Application  Sit-ups. Cartwheels. Bending in cricket.

Erector Spinae group  Location  1 of the main muscles of the lower back.  They run from the pubis to the lumbar vertebrae.  Movement  Extension of the spine.  Lateral flexion of the trunk.  Application  Rowing. Swimming. Straightening in cricket.

Trapezius  Location  A triangular muscle on the posterior of your back.  From the base of the skull, the 7th vertebrae, and all thoracic vertebrae to the scapula and clavicle.  Movement  Raise the head.- Raise the scapula.  Pull the shoulders back.- Drop the scapula.  Application  Rowing. Looking up in basket ball. Pulling back in throwing

Latissimus Dorsi (Lats)  Location  Broadest muscle of the back.  The lower thoracic and lumbar regions to the anterior of the humerus.  Movement  Adduction of the upper arm.  Extension of the shoulder.  Internal rotation of the shoulder.  Application  Ten pin bowling. Boxing (drawing arm back to punch). Because it attaches to the front of the humerus

Deltoid  Location  Triangular shaped muscle above the shoulder.  From the clavicle and scapula to the humerus.  Movement  Flexion of the shoulder.- Extension of the shoulder.  Abduction of the arm.- Rotation of the shoulder.  Application  Throwing. Punching. Swimming.

Pectoralis Major (Pecs)  Location  Triangular muscle located on the chest.  From the clavicle, sternum and 6th rib to the humerus.  Movement  Flexion of the shoulder.  Rotation of the shoulder.  Rotation of the shoulder (internal).  Application  Press-ups. Throwing. Punching.

Biceps Brachii (Biceps)  Location  Two headed muscle located on the anterior of the humerus.  From the scapula to the radius (upper aspect).  Movement  Flexion of the elbow.  Flexion of the shoulder.  Application  Biceps curl. Rowing. Pulling

Triceps  Location  Covers the whole back of the humerus  From the scapula over the humerus to the ulna (upper aspect).  Movement  Extension of the elbow.  Extension of the shoulder.  Application  Karate chop. Punching. Press-up.

Gluteus Maximus (Gluts)  Location  Your backside/bum.  It runs from your pelvis (ilium, sacrum and coxxyx) to the upper third of your femur.  Movement  Extension of the leg.  Abduction of the leg.  External Rotation of the leg (outwards).  Application  Jumping. Kicking. Running.

Quadriceps (Quads)  Location  This is a group of four muscles on the anterior aspect of the thigh.  They are - 1) Rectus Femoris.- 2) Vastus Medialis. - 3) Vastus Lateralis.- 4) Vastus Intermedius.  Movement  Flexion of the hip.  Extension of the knee.  Application  Jumping. Kicking. Running.

Hamstrings (Hammy)  Location  This is a group of three muscles on the posterior aspect of the thigh.  They are - 1) Semitendinsus.- 2) Biceps Femoris. - 3) Semimembranosus.  Movement  Knee flexion.  Hip extension.  Application  Jumping. Kicking. Running.

Gastrocnemius  Location  A large fleshy muscle on the posterior of the lower leg.  From the distal aspect of the femur to the tarsals (via the Achilles' tendon).  Movement  Knee flexion.  Plantarflexion.  Application  Pointing toes. Kicking. Running.

Tibialis Anterior  Location  Located on the anterior aspect of the lower leg  From the proximal aspect of the tibia to the toes  Movement  Dorsiflexion.  Inversion.  Application  Passing in soccer (outside foot). Kicking. Rowing.

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