This is a picture of Cecil Rhodes, a British businessman and colonial giant. What is he standing over in the cartoon? What is the artist’s message?

Imperialism: The True Story of Babar

Colonialism: A Stronger Nation uses FORCE to extend their political, economic, military, and cultural power over a weaker nation Acquiring territory for Economic and Political Gain Imperialism:

Goals of Imperialism: Can you Guess? GOLD (ECONOMIC): Nations need new sources of raw materials, cheap labor, and markets for finished products GOD (CULTURAL): Belief that a Nation’s ideals and values were supreme; a desire to “civilize” the “noble savage” GLORY (POWER/MILITARY): Nations had a strong desire to increase global prestige-used the Military to assert their power and gain more territory

Three Phases of Colonization We will investigate the THREE PHASES of Colonization by examining some pictures. Look at the picture and try to determine what is going on in the picture. We will then discuss more specific details about each phase. PHASE I…

Three Phases of Colonization Stage I: Military –Violence & War –Europeans use superior weapons and armies to defeat natives –Two Types of Colonialism: Direct Rule-colonial government controlled by the European power Indirect Rule-colonial government run by local African rulers, but colonial power has some influence and control

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Three Phases of Colonization Stage II: Pacification –Make “peace” and “civilize” the natives –Need indigenous support, so educate certain natives deemed “superior” to others-they are sent to Europe for a “proper” education and then return home in order to help govern and “civilize” the others –Send Missionaries to convert populations to Christianity –Slowly withdraw armies and train natives to be policemen, civil servants, etc to maintain order and control

Three Phases of Colonization Stage III: Commercialization –Use colonies for resources, labor, and markets- Colonies forced to sell raw materials to Mother country for low prices and are not allowed to trade with other markets –European powers need cheap labor-force natives into the labor market by imposing taxes on the population (since they need money to pay taxes, they are forced to work) –European powers convert raw materials into finished products and sell them back to the colonies at higher prices

Babar: A Metaphor for Imperialism Babar parallels the history of European countries “carving up” Africa for their own gain. As you listen to the story, think about these questions: Who does Babar represent? Who does the Old Woman represent? Can you identify the three phases of Colonization in the story?

Effects of Imperialism SOCIAL DARWINISM: “Survival of the Fittest Race”-Europeans believed that they were superior to natives, and forced them to “ASSIMILATE” (attempt to “civilize” natives by forcing them to adopt Western ideals, education, religion, etc) Imposition of Race-division of ethnic groups and creation of “superior”(haves) and “inferior”(have nots), forcing the natives to lose any sense of unity/nationality. Western Capitalist values (mass production, profit, private property, etc) forced onto a population which had valued community, sharing, family, etc. Artificial Boundaries-European powers establish their own boundaries without consideration for the culture/heritage of the native people, dividing up families and tribes Rich get Richer, Poor get Poorer Technology: Guns, inventions, industrialization, machines helped conquer colonies, then introduced to them (not always, though) Development of Cities: destruction of farms/land, establishment of PROPERTY (in many colonies, there was no sense of “owning land,” it was shared by everyone-Europeans took the land, claimed it for themselves, and forced natives to live on the worst land)

The Scramble for Africa We will first start to study IMPERIALISM by studying the Berlin Conference and the “carving up of Africa.” For this unit, you will choose one country in Africa and explore what it was like before the Europeans took control, which European country took over, and what happened during colonization. CHOOSE YOUR COUNTRY Start your research (complete the research worksheet)