LESSONS LEARNED: A CALIFORNIA PERSPECTIVE Robert L. Elliott, Staff Counsel California Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Toxic Substances Control

Elements of Success: What makes for a successful property transfer from a regulatory perspective? Involving Regulators Early and Often Involving Regulators Early and Often Adequate Site Characterization Adequate Site Characterization Realistic Transfer & Cleanup Schedules Realistic Transfer & Cleanup Schedules Realistic Cost Estimates Realistic Cost Estimates Adequate Resources for Regulatory Oversight Adequate Resources for Regulatory Oversight Effective Communication Effective Communication Emphasis on Effective Teamwork Emphasis on Effective Teamwork

California’s Experience 36 major & 25 minor open installations 36 major & 25 minor open installations 23 closed bases 23 closed bases ~ 1,300 FUDS ~ 1,300 FUDS 14 early transfers / approximately 56,000 acres 14 early transfers / approximately 56,000 acres Estimated Economic loss : Estimated Economic loss : $7 billion annually $7 billion annually 200,000 jobs 200,000 jobs Remaining cleanup costs of up to $2 billion Remaining cleanup costs of up to $2 billion

Obstacles to Transfer & Reuse Conflicting cleanup cost estimates Conflicting cleanup cost estimates Inadequate site characterization Inadequate site characterization UXO UXO DoD cleanup policy vs. Local reuse planning DoD cleanup policy vs. Local reuse planning State/DoD cleanup requirement disagreements State/DoD cleanup requirement disagreements Slows cleanup completions  slows land transfers Slows cleanup completions  slows land transfers

New Issues Arising w/BRAC 2005 Early transfer of NPL bases Early transfer of NPL bases DoD’s proposed disposition of properties DoD’s proposed disposition of properties Use of auction & sale to private developers Use of auction & sale to private developers DoD’s cleanup policy DoD’s cleanup policy Existing use vs. Reasonably anticipated use Existing use vs. Reasonably anticipated use

CASE STUDIES Treasure Island (Non-NPL) Fort Ord (NPL)

TREASURE ISLAND Past Use: Former naval base Past Use: Former naval base Contaminants: Radioactive waste, PCBS, waste oil, fuel, asbestos, dioxins, etc. Contaminants: Radioactive waste, PCBS, waste oil, fuel, asbestos, dioxins, etc. Issues: Perceived vs. real value of real estate, occupied housing on former landfill Issues: Perceived vs. real value of real estate, occupied housing on former landfill

 529 acres  Nearly 100% leased to city of San Francisco  Movie production, an elementary school & daycare center  Approximately 750 rental housing units  65 acres transferred (Fed to Fed) Treasure Island Summary

Treasure Island Success Formula Team(work) - State, City, USEPA & Navy Team(work) - State, City, USEPA & Navy Define Roles at State-level Define Roles at State-level Prioritize Pressing Issues Prioritize Pressing Issues Standardize Document Format Standardize Document Format Faster Document Review Faster Document Review Meet Early & Often Meet Early & Often

Challenges Housing area built on former waste disposal site Housing area built on former waste disposal site Approximately 90 acre area Approximately 90 acre area City of SF leased housing in advance of final cleanup actions in housing area City of SF leased housing in advance of final cleanup actions in housing area State & DoD have different Risk Assessment Methodologies State & DoD have different Risk Assessment Methodologies State & DoD disagree on LBP around structures State & DoD disagree on LBP around structures

Fort Ord Past Use: Housing and training of infantry soldiers, including small arms & other munitions. Includes 8,000 acre training range Past Use: Housing and training of infantry soldiers, including small arms & other munitions. Includes 8,000 acre training range Contaminants: UXO, Lead, Metals, Solvents, etc. Contaminants: UXO, Lead, Metals, Solvents, etc. Issues: UXO Removal, Vegetation Removal, Endangered Species, Low-cost Housing, Accessibility Issues: UXO Removal, Vegetation Removal, Endangered Species, Low-cost Housing, Accessibility

Fort Ord Summary 28,000+ Acres 28,000+ Acres 12,700+ Acres Transferred 12,700+ Acres Transferred New CSU Campus, Private Schools, Children’s Services, BLM Open Spaces, Airport, Golf Courses & Residential New CSU Campus, Private Schools, Children’s Services, BLM Open Spaces, Airport, Golf Courses & Residential Proposed Privatized ET Plans include: Proposed Privatized ET Plans include: Residential, horse park, open space/habitat, veteran’s cemetery, public school, Monterey Peninsula College Public Safety Training Center Residential, horse park, open space/habitat, veteran’s cemetery, public school, Monterey Peninsula College Public Safety Training Center

Fort Ord Success Formula SMART Team SMART Team Testing Ground for New Technologies/ Methods for UXO ID & Removal Testing Ground for New Technologies/ Methods for UXO ID & Removal Chemical Cleanup in Soil Completed Quickly Chemical Cleanup in Soil Completed Quickly Army & Regulators Worked Well Together on Reuse Issues Army & Regulators Worked Well Together on Reuse Issues

Vegetation was a major challenge to UXO clearance

Challenges Former Training/Staging Areas for Troops Contaminated w/UXO Former Training/Staging Areas for Troops Contaminated w/UXO Proposed Reuse on UXO Areas Includes Residential Housing Proposed Reuse on UXO Areas Includes Residential Housing State & DoD Differences on Cleanup Requirements for UXO Contaminated Property State & DoD Differences on Cleanup Requirements for UXO Contaminated Property

UXO Found at Fort Ord