The Potential of Halal Vaccines in the Healthcare Industry INTRODUCTION Tan Sri Dato’ Seri Dr. Haji Mohd Ismail Merican FRCP Pro-Chancellor & Chairman, MAHSA University Consultant Physician and Hepatologist 1

Biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease Typically contains an agent resembling a disease -causing micro- organism, often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins or one of its surface proteins Stimulates body’s immune system to recognise agent as foreign, destroy it and ‘remember’ it so that immune system can more easily recognize and destroy any of these micro-organisms that it later encounters Vaccine: Definition Ref: WHO

Common Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Cervical Cancer (Human Papillomavirus) Diphtheria Hepatitis A Hepatitis B (Liver Cancer) Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Influenza (Flu) Japanese encephalitis (JE) Measles Meningococcal Mumps Pertussis Pneumococcal Polio Rabies Rotavirus Rubella Shingles (Herpes Zoster) Smallpox Tetanus Tuberculosis Typhoid Yellow Fever 3

Vaccines: Benefits Disease eradication eg, small pox Disease elimination Reduction of mortality, morbidity and complications – individual & society Lessen disease severity Prevention of infection Prevention of cancer Extend life expectancy Safe travel and mobility Promote economic growth Enhance equity Ref: Andre FE, Booy R, Bock HL et al, WHO Bulletin 4

Vaccines: Benefits Disease prevention – Cheaper to prevent a disease than to treat it. – Vaccines protect not only individual but entire communities – Essential public health tool Achieve MDG 4 (Reduce by two-thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate) 5 The Millennium Development Goals are a UN initiative

Challenges “WHO’s ultimate goal is for countries to be self-reliant to regulate the safety and quality of their own products” Dr. Mahima Datla, Senior VP of Biotechnology and Projects at Biological E 6

WHO: Prequalification “Assurance that the vaccines are safe, effective and suit the needs of developing countries” Seth Berkley, GAVI Alliance Executive Director 7

Halal Vaccines: Potential Ensure vaccine benefits enjoyed by all Muslim countries without fear, suspicion or doubts Ensure equity Uphold human right for every individual to enjoy good health and contribute to society and nation 8

Halal Vaccines: Pre-requisites Quality Safety Convenience Acceptability Affordability 9

Halal Vaccines: Challenges Definition of Halal Addressing the Muslim suspicion of vaccines Addressing differences in standards and regulations Making a case for universal access to immunization using halal vaccines Taking advantage of increasing demand for halal pharmaceuticals and vaccines Keeping up with the competition through R & D 10

Sharing Stories, Experiences and Vision 11 Professor John Oxford – A case study, a post eradication Halal polio vaccine Dr Tabassum Khan – Global Market Potential for Halal Vaccines