8.5A Describe the structure of atoms, including the masses, electrical charges, and locations of protons and neutrons in the nucleus and electrons in the electron cloud

Coffee creamer warm up List physical properties of coffee creamer. Can you think of any possible chemical properties it could have? Flammability, ability to rust reactivity with vinegar

Matter warm up What is matter? What is matter made up of? Can you see every particle within matter?.

Breaking down matter Use a hands lens to examine a sugar cube. Write down the physical properties about it. Examine the tiniest sugar particle you can. Write down its physical properties. –What do you notice about the original sugar cube and the smallest particle? –Is the smallest particle still considered sugar? Explain. –What physical change has taken place?

Element- Substance that cannot be broken down by chemical means. Have specific amounts of protons. Atom- Smallest possible particle of an element. Makes up everything around you.

8.5B protons and electrons The student is expected to identify that protons determine an element's identity and valence electrons determine its chemical properties, including reactivity.

The key number for the valence shell is the number “8”. Atoms combine so that their valence shells are full of electrons. Called the octet rule. (oct = 8 like octopus!) The number “2” is also a key number Only for the atoms hydrogen, helium, lithium, beryllium, and boron. Valence Electrons Fill Me Up!!

This means two things: If a neutral atom’s valence shell is full, then the atom will not react with other atoms. If a neutral atom’s valence shell has space available, then the atom will react with other atoms based on the number of electrons found in the valence shell. Valence Electrons Fill Me Up!!

Three generalizations: Some atoms only need 1, 2, or 3 more electrons to fill the valence shell. (they will accept electrons from other atoms!) Some atoms need to remove 1, 2, or 3 electrons to have the energy layer below full. (they will give away electrons to other atoms!) Some atoms tend to react with other atoms in a way electrons are shared rather than giving up or receiving electrons. Valence Electrons Fill Me Up!!

8.5C periodic table The student is expected to interpret the arrangement of the Periodic Table, including groups and periods, to explain how properties are used to classify elements group period

Who am I? practice I am an element found in group 2 period 3. I am element with an ionic charge of -1 found in period 2. Explain your answer. I am an element found in period 3 with no ionic charge. Explain your answer.

Who am I? practice I am an element found in group 2 period 3. Mg- magnesium

I am element with an ionic charge of -1 found in period 2. Explain your answer. (F) flourine is found in period (row) 2 and wants to gain a valence electron to become stable Best if Flourine gains an electron to be stable making it F-

I am an element found in period 3 with no ionic charge. Explain your answer. Argon (Ar) is found in period (row) 3 and is a stable element since it is in group 18.

Atom structure warm up On the white boards, give me the periodic table info about Boron labeling atomic number, mass, symbol and name of element Draw the atomic structure for Boron next to the info.

Uses: Treats arthritis cleansing flux in welding mild antiseptic cockroaches, silverfish, ants, fleas, and other insects. rockets (as an igniter) pyrotechnic flares

Warm up Na Draw atom structure Provide its periodic table info How many valence electrons does it have? What group is it in? Cl Draw atom structure Provide its periodic table info How many valence electrons does it have? What group is it in?

Na sodiumCl chlorine 1 ve- Found in group 1 7 ve- Found in group 7A

Sodium gives its valence electron to chlorine to make NaCl (table salt) Na+Cl- Gains e- Loses an e- Na loses an electron so it has a + ionic charge Cl gains an electron so it has a – ionic charge

I am a metal with one valence electron found in period 2. Who am I? Am I an ion? If so, what’s my charge? Lithium +1 charge

I am a metalloid with 5 protons. Who am I? Am I an ion? If so, what’s my charge? Boron +3 charge

I am a noble gas found in period 2. Who am I? Neon is not an ion because its stable

Chemical equation reactantsproduct Fe + O 2 --  Fe 2 O 3 Fe= 1 Fe=2 O= 2 O=3 This is unbalanced equation! It does not follow the Law of conservation of mass!

The Atoms Family was created by Kathleen Crawford, 1994 Presentation developed by Tracy Trimpe, 2006,

1st Verse: They’re tiny and they’re teeny, Much smaller than a beany, They never can be seeny, The Atoms Family. Chorus 2nd Verse: Together they make gases, And liquids like molasses, And all the solid masses, The Atoms Family Chorus 3rd Verse: Neutrons can be found, Where protons hang around; Electrons they surround The Atoms Family. Chorus Chorus: They are so small. (Snap, snap) They’re round like a ball. (Snap, snap) They make up the air. They’re everywhere. Can’t see them at all. (Snap, snap)

Name: Nelda Neutron Description: Neutral Favorite Activity: Hanging out at the Nucleus Arcade In the center of Matterville, there is a place called the Nucleus Arcade, where two members of the Atoms Family like to hang out. Perky Patty Proton, like her sisters, is quite large with a huge smile and eyes that sparkle (+). Patty is always happy and has a very positive personality. Nerdy Nelda Neutron is large like Patty, but she has a boring, flat mouth and eyes with zero expression (o). Her family is very apathetic and neutral about everything. Patty, Nelda, and their sisters spend all their time at the arcade. The Atoms Family Story Name: Patty Proton Description: Positive Favorite Activity: Hanging out at the Nucleus Arcade

Name: Elliott Electron Description: Negative Favorite Activity: Racing around the arcade Around the Nucleus Arcade, you will find a series of roadways that are used by another member of the Atoms Family, Enraged Elliott Electron. Elliott races madly around the Arcade on his bright red chrome-plated Harley-Davidson. He rides so fast that no one can be sure where he is at any time. Elliott is much smaller than Patty and Nelda and he is always angry because these bigger relatives will not let him in the Arcade. He has a frown on his face, eyes that are squinted with anger, and a very negative (-) attitude.

The first energy street can only hold only two Electron brothers. The second energy street, called the Energy Freeway, can hold 8 brothers. The third energy street, called the Energy Superhighway, can hold 18 of the brothers. Nucleus Arcade Contains protons & neutrons Energy Freeway Can hold 8 electrons Energy Superhighway Can hold 18 electrons Energy Street Can hold 2 electrons

The morale of Matterville is stable as long as each negative Electron brother is balanced out by one positive Proton sister. The number of residents in Matterville depends on the Proton and Neutron families. Challenge: What would happen to the morale of Matterville if one Elliott Electron was kidnapped?

Challenge 2: What would happen to the morale of Matterville if one Elliott Electron moved to Matterville?

They’re tiny and they’re teeny, Much smaller than a beany, They never can be seeny, The Atoms Family.

They are so small. (Snap, snap) They’re round like a ball. (Snap, snap) They make up the air. They’re everywhere. Can’t see them at all. (Snap, snap)

Together they make gases, And liquids like molasses, And all the solid masses, The Atoms Family

They are so small. (Snap, snap) They’re round like a ball. (Snap, snap) They make up the air. They’re everywhere. Can’t see them at all. (Snap, snap)

Neutrons can be found, Where protons hang around; Electrons they surround The Atoms Family.

They are so small. (Snap, snap) They’re round like a ball. (Snap, snap) They make up the air. They’re everywhere. Can’t see them at all. (Snap, snap)

Ready to try it again? Click the music note to try the song again. If you do not want to sing it again, click the arrow to move to the next slide.

Atomic number equals the number of ____________ or ________________. Atomic mass equals the number of ______________ + _______________. The Atoms Family - Atomic Math Challenge Atomic Number Symbol Name Atomic Mass protons electrons protons neutrons

Assignment: Finish the rest of the worksheet and turn it in to your teacher.