ANDREW JACKSON Move over, Cherokees! Oh, and, hey, Supreme Court, I do what I want!

BACKGROUND War hero (Battle of New Orleans-War of 1812) War hero (Battle of New Orleans-War of 1812) Indian fighter Indian fighter Wealthy Tennessee plantation owner Wealthy Tennessee plantation owner First president elected from the west First president elected from the west Considered the first President of the “common man.” Considered the first President of the “common man.”

ELECTION OF 1824 The two major candidates were Jackson and John Quincy Adams (Yes, he WAS the son of John Adams.) The two major candidates were Jackson and John Quincy Adams (Yes, he WAS the son of John Adams.) Although Jackson won the popular vote, no candidate had a majority in the Electoral College. Although Jackson won the popular vote, no candidate had a majority in the Electoral College. For the second time in history, the House of Representatives would decide who would be the President. For the second time in history, the House of Representatives would decide who would be the President.

THE CORRUPT BARGAIN? The House chose Adams over Jackson. The House chose Adams over Jackson. Clay supported Adams and was later named Sec. of State Clay supported Adams and was later named Sec. of State Jackson charged that he, as well as the people, had been cheated. Jackson charged that he, as well as the people, had been cheated.

THE DEMOCRATS Jackson created a new political party to fight the Adams’ administration. Jackson created a new political party to fight the Adams’ administration. As a result, modern campaigning emerges. As a result, modern campaigning emerges. In 1828, Jackson defeats Adams In 1828, Jackson defeats Adams

ELECTION OF 1828

JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACY Jackson believed that the rich and powerful had corrupted the government. Jackson believed that the rich and powerful had corrupted the government. Jackson instituted policies which he believed would return power to the common man. Jackson instituted policies which he believed would return power to the common man.

THE SPOILS SYSTEM Jackson rewarded his supporters with government jobs. Jackson rewarded his supporters with government jobs. “To the victor go the spoils.” “To the victor go the spoils.” Is this fair? Is this fair?

INDIAN POLICY Jackson supported the Indian Removal Act which authorized the removal of the Five Civilized Tribes to the Indian Territory. Jackson supported the Indian Removal Act which authorized the removal of the Five Civilized Tribes to the Indian Territory. Why would the government want to remove the Indians? Why would the government want to remove the Indians? What could the Indians do? What could the Indians do? What is the Indian Territory called today? What is the Indian Territory called today?

THE TRAIL OF TEARS Thousands of Choctaw, Cherokee, Creek, Chickasaw, and Seminole died during the forced removal to lands west of the Mississippi. Thousands of Choctaw, Cherokee, Creek, Chickasaw, and Seminole died during the forced removal to lands west of the Mississippi.

TARIFF Congress passed a protective tariff in order to protect new American industries. Congress passed a protective tariff in order to protect new American industries. Which region of the country would this favor? Which region of the country would this favor? Which region of the nation would be opposed to a protective tariff? Why? Which region of the nation would be opposed to a protective tariff? Why?

THE NULLIFICATION CRISIS South Carolina, encouraged by Jackson’s Vice- President John Calhoun, refused to collect the tariff, thus nullifying the federal law. South Carolina, encouraged by Jackson’s Vice- President John Calhoun, refused to collect the tariff, thus nullifying the federal law. What problem does this create? What problem does this create?

JACKSON’S RESPONSE Jackson threatened to lead the army into South Carolina and hang the “traitors.” Jackson threatened to lead the army into South Carolina and hang the “traitors.” Henry Clay introduced a compromise bill lowering the tariff IF South Carolina obeyed the law. Henry Clay introduced a compromise bill lowering the tariff IF South Carolina obeyed the law. South Carolina backed down, Calhoun resigned. South Carolina backed down, Calhoun resigned.

THE BANK WAR Jackson, like Jefferson, distrusted the idea of a National Bank? Why? Jackson, like Jefferson, distrusted the idea of a National Bank? Why? Jackson waged a personal war against the Bank, withdrawing federal funds from the Bank and dispersing them to smaller state banks, also referred to as “pet banks.” Jackson waged a personal war against the Bank, withdrawing federal funds from the Bank and dispersing them to smaller state banks, also referred to as “pet banks.”

THE PANIC OF 1837 As a result of destroying the Bank, a panic swept the nation, resulting in an economic depression. As a result of destroying the Bank, a panic swept the nation, resulting in an economic depression. The new president, Martin Van Buren was blamed for the economic downturn, earning the name “Martin Van Ruin.” The new president, Martin Van Buren was blamed for the economic downturn, earning the name “Martin Van Ruin.”

JACKSON’S LEGACY Expanded democracy for the average citizen Expanded democracy for the average citizen Was the first to use the power of the presidency to achieve his goals Was the first to use the power of the presidency to achieve his goals Created modern political campaign tactics Created modern political campaign tactics Set the precedent for how the government would deal with Indians for nearly 150 years Set the precedent for how the government would deal with Indians for nearly 150 years Set the precedent for banking policies for the next 75 years Set the precedent for banking policies for the next 75 years

THE ELECTION OF 1840 The Whig party, which was opposed to the Jacksonian Democrats, ran William Henry Harrison in 1840 under the slogan “Tippecanoe and Tyler too.” The Whig party, which was opposed to the Jacksonian Democrats, ran William Henry Harrison in 1840 under the slogan “Tippecanoe and Tyler too.” Harrison defeated Van Buren but died in office after serving only 1 month as President. Harrison defeated Van Buren but died in office after serving only 1 month as President.