Anatomy Final Review

Question 1 A 2 day old newborn is diagnosed with transposition of the great arteries. Which structure is responsible for the division of the truncus arteriosus into the great arteries? A.Septum secundum B.Septum primum C.Bulbar septum D.Aorticopulmonary septum E.Endocardial cushions

Question 1 A 2 day old newborn is diagnosed with transposition of the great arteries. Which structure is responsible for the division of the truncus arteriosus into the great arteries? A.Septum secundum B.Septum primum C.Bulbar septum D.Aorticopulmonary septum E.Endocardial cushions

Question 2 A 2 day old newborn female is diagnosed with pulmonary stenosis, overriding of the aorta, ventricular septal defect, and hypertrophy of the right ventricle. What condition is best characterized by these signs? A.Atrial septal defect B.Tetralogy of Fallot C.Transposition of the great vessels D.Pulmonary atresia E.Ventricular septal defect

Question 2 A 2 day old newborn female is diagnosed with pulmonary stenosis, overriding of the aorta, ventricular septal defect, and hypertrophy of the right ventricle. What condition is best characterized by these signs? A.Atrial septal defect B.Tetralogy of Fallot C.Transposition of the great vessels D.Pulmonary atresia E.Ventricular septal defect

Question 3 An unconcious 2-month-old infant is admitted to the emergency department after an MVA. An emergency tracheostomy is performed. Which of the following structures is most commonly at high risk of injury during this procedure? A.Left brachiocephalic vein B.Left common carotid artery C.Vagus nerve D.Phrenic nerve E.Thoracic duct

Question 3 An unconcious 2-month-old infant is admitted to the emergency department after an MVA. An emergency tracheostomy is performed. Which of the following structures is most commonly at high risk of injury during this procedure? A.Left brachiocephalic vein B.Left common carotid artery C.Vagus nerve D.Phrenic nerve E.Thoracic duct

Question 4 A 45- year old is admitted to the hospital with difficulty breathing. CXR shows a tumor invading the lung surface anterior to the hilum. What nerve is most likely compressed by the tumor to result in dyspnea? A.Phrenic B.Vagus C.Intercostal D.Recurrent laryngeal E.cardiopulmonary

Question 4 A 45- year old is admitted to the hospital with difficulty breathing. CXR shows a tumor invading the lung surface anterior to the hilum. What nerve is most likely compressed by the tumor to result in dyspnea? A.Phrenic B.Vagus C.Intercostal D.Recurrent laryngeal E.cardiopulmonary

Question 5 A 23 year old male is admitted to the emergency department after automobile collision. Physical exam reveals tachycardia. What is the location of the preganglionic neural cells bodies involved in increasing HR? A.Deep cardiac plexus B.Dorsal motor nucleus of vagus C.Lateral horn T5-T9 D.Lateral horn T1-T4 E.Superior, middle and inferior cervical ganlgia

Question 5 A 23 year old male is admitted to the emergency department after automobile collision. Physical exam reveals tachycardia. What is the location of the preganglionic neural cells bodies involved in increasing HR? A.Deep cardiac plexus B.Dorsal motor nucleus of vagus C.Lateral horn T5-T9  associated with organs in the abdominal cavity D.Lateral horn T1-T4  associated with upper limbs and thoracic organs E.Superior, middle and inferior cervical ganlgia

Question 6 A 42 year old women is admitted to the hospital with an inability to speak. The patients personal history reveals experiences with hoarseness for the past month. A CXR reveals a mass at the aortopulmonary window. Which of the following nerves is most likely compressed? A.Vagus B.Phrenic C.Left recurrent laryngeal D.Right recurrent larygneal E.Greater thoracic splanchnic

Question 6 A 42 year old women is admitted to the hospital with an inability to speak. The patients personal history reveals experiences with hoarseness for the past month. A CXR reveals a mass at the aortopulmonary window. Which of the following nerves is most likely compressed? A.Vagus B.Phrenic C.Left recurrent laryngeal D.Right recurrent larygneal E.Greater thoracic splanchnic

Question 7 A 42 year old male was admitted to the hospital with severe chest pain. During exam a slight rhythmic pulsation on the chest wall at the left fifth intercostal space is noted in the midclavicular line. What part of the heart is responsible for this pulsation? A.Right atrium B.Left atrium C.Aortic arch D.Apex of the heart E.Mitral valve

Question 7 A 42 year old male was admitted to the hospital with severe chest pain. During exam a slight rhythmic pulsation on the chest wall at the left fifth intercostal space is noted in the midclavicular line. What part of the heart is responsible for this pulsation? A.Right atrium B.Left atrium C.Aortic arch D.Apex of the heart E.Mitral valve

Question 8 A 42 year old male was admitted to the hospital after an MVC where he had blunt trauma to his sternum from the steering wheel. What part of the heart would most likely to be injured by the impact? A.Right ventricle B.Apex of left ventricle C.Left ventricle D.Right atrium E.Anterior margin of the left atrium

Question 8 A 42 year old male was admitted to the hospital after an MVC where he had blunt trauma to his sternum from the steering wheel. What part of the heart would most likely to be injured by the impact? A.Right ventricle B.Apex of left ventricle C.Left ventricle D.Right atrium E.Anterior margin of the left atrium

Question 9 A 55 year old male undergoes a coronary bypass operation. The artery of primary concern is the vessel that supplies much of the left ventricle and the right ventricle. It also supplies the right and left bundle branches of the cardiac conduction system. Which artery is the surgeon most concerned with? A.Right marginal B.Anterior interventricular C.Circumflex D.Artery to the SA node E.Posterior interventricular

Question 9 A 55 year old male undergoes a coronary bypass operation. The artery of primary concern is the vessel that supplies much of the left ventricle and the right ventricle. It also supplies the right and left bundle branches of the cardiac conduction system. Which artery is the surgeon most concerned with? A.Right marginal B.Anterior interventricular C.Circumflex D.Artery to the SA node E.Posterior interventricular

Question 10 A 55 year old male is admitted to the ER with chest pain. Angiograph shows normal right coronary artery but left coronary artery is found to be 70-80% occluded at three point near the bifurcation of the circumflex artery and left ventricular descending. Having a left dominant coronary circulation and no surgery possible, what is the most likely explanation for a poor prognosis in this patient? A.All branches of the coronary artery are end arteries, precluding the change that anastamosis will occur B.It is probable that the anterior and posterior papillary muscles of the tricuspid valve have been damaged C.The blood supply of the SA node is inadequate D.Development of the effective collateral circulation between anterior and posterior interventricular arteries will not be possible E.The blood supply of the AV node will not be adequate.

Question 10 A 55 year old male is admitted to the ER with chest pain. Angiograph shows normal right coronary artery but left coronary artery is found to be 70-80% occluded at three point near the bifurcation of the circumflex artery and left ventricular descending. Having a left dominant coronary circulation and no surgery possible, what is the most likely explanation for a poor prognosis in this patient? A.All branches of the coronary artery are end arteries, precluding the change that anastamosis will occur B.It is probable that the anterior and posterior papillary muscles of the tricuspid valve have been damaged C.The blood supply of the SA node is inadequate D.Development of the effective collateral circulation between anterior and posterior interventricular arteries will not be possible E.The blood supply of the AV node will not be adequate.

Question 11 A 62 year old is admitted to the hospital for severe dyspnea and complains of pain in her left shoulder. Her radiographs reveals an aneurysm to the aortic arch. Which of the following nerves is being compressed by the aneurysm? A.Phrenic B.Vagus C.Cardiopulmonary D.Intercostal E.Thoracic splanchnic

Question 11 A 62 year old is admitted to the hospital for severe dyspnea and complains of pain in her left shoulder. Her radiographs reveals an aneurysm to the aortic arch. Which of the following nerves is being compressed by the aneurysm? A.Phrenic  this is the only one that has referred pain to the left shoulder due to its C3-5 root levels. B.Vagus C.Cardiopulmonary D.Intercostal E.Thoracic splanchnic